Synthesis of Renewable Diesel Range Alkanes by Hydrodeoxygenation of Palmitic Acid over 5% Ni/CNTs under Mild Conditions

Abstract

Abstract:Recently, the catalytic upgrading of bio-oil to renewable diesel has been attracting more and more attention. In the current paper, carbon nanotube (CNT)-supported nickel catalysts, namely, 5% Ni/CNTs, were prepared for liquid hydrocarbon production through the deoxygenation of palmitic acid, the model compound of bio-oil under a mild condition of 240 • C reaction temperature and 2 MPa H 2 pressure. The experimental results revealed that the main reaction product was pentadecane (yield of 89.64%) at an optimum palmitic acid conversion of 97.25% via the hydrodecarbonylation (HDC) process. The deoxygenation mechanism for palmitic acid conversion was also investigated. This study provides technical parameters and a theoretical basis for further industrialization in the bio-oil upgrading process.

Hydrodeoxygenation reactivity of the carbonyl group and carboxyl group and their interaction: taking 2-pentanone, valeric acid, and levulinic acid as examples

“…1 Thus, the as-prepared biofuel has strong acidity, high viscosity, and low caloric value compared with traditional fossil fuels. [2][3][4] Therefore, a suitable process is needed to remove the excess oxygen atoms in the bio-oil precursor and upgrade the low-quality biofuel to a high-quality one to meet the transportation fuel standards. At present, the methods for biooil deoxygenation mainly include decarbonylation (DCO), decarboxylation (DCN) and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) processes.…”

Al2O3-MgO Supported Ni, Mo, and NiMo Mixed Phosphidic-Sulphidic Phase for Hydrotreating of Stearic and Oleic Acids Into Green Diesel

“…In general, the hydrotreating of triglycerides and fatty acids is the removal of oxygen yielding high-quality diesel fuel by three reaction pathways: decarboxylation (DCx), decarbonylation (DCn), and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) ( Gosselink et al, 2013 ; Susanto et al, 2016 ). Three central catalyst systems have been applied to the hydrotreatment/deoxygenation of triglycerides and fatty acids as follows: 1) Ni(Co)-Mo sulfides; 2) noble metals, mainly including Pt or Pd-based catalysts; and 3) non-noble transition metals (e.g., Ni, Mo, and others) ( Immer et al, 2010 ; Sotelo-Boyás et al, 2011 ; Duan, 2017 ). However, sulfide catalysts are easily deactivated by oxidation (decreasing activity and contamination of products due to sulfur leaching), and noble metals are expensive; hence, these deficiencies restrict their practical use.…”

Synthesis of NiMo catalysts supported on Mn-Al2O3 for obtaining green diesel from waste soybean oil

“…In this respect, Liu et al [22] have used Ni and NiAg catalysts supported on zeolites for the conversion of castor oil. Ni/C [23], Ni supported on carbon nanotubes [24],…”