Synthesis of Real-World Driving Cycles and Their Use for Estimating PHEV Energy Consumption and Charging Opportunities: Case Study for Midwest/U.S.

Electric Vehicle Use and Energy Consumption Based on Realworld Electric Vehicle Fleet Trip and Charge Data and Its Impact on Existing EV Research Models

“…Although it has value on a comparison basis, it is widely accepted that these cycles do not reflect real-world driving [4] [5]. Despite numerous efforts to develop more realistic drive cycles [5][6] [7][8], these are not yet applied for the characterization of EVs and do not necessarily apply to the use of electric vehicles as, because of it specific differences with conventional technology, the EV driving behaviour can be different than what is observed from the available historic data of conventional vehicles. Additionally, the use of the parameter 'energy consumption' is not always clear to the reader, even if so to the author.…”

Risk of supply insecurity with weather condition‐based operation of plug in hybrid electric vehicles

“…, where n λ gives the number of the PHEV charging level of the limit given by (4). Next, a random number between 0 and 1.0 is generated for the node and it is compared with the probability of the occurrence of a PHEV charging level…”

On a probability distribution model combining household power consumption, electric vehicle home-charging and photovoltaic power production

“…[2,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. EV charging can be modeled using predefined time periods for charging [45,49], charging only after all trips of the day made with the vehicle [42,43,46,48], charging only at home [2] and generally opportunistic charging at various locations [5].…”