Synthesis of pyridoxine‐based eagle‐shaped asymmetric star polymers through seATRP

Abstract

The vitamin B 6 -based macroinitiator was prepared for the first time by the transesterification reaction of pyridoxine with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide. A pyridoxine-based star-shaped block copolymer with a hydrophilic pyridoxine core and a dual hydrophilic poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) arms was synthesized for the first time via a simplified electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization, utilizing only 20 ppm of catalyst complex. The rate of the polymerizations was controlled by applying appropriate potential/current values during electrolysis to prevent the possibility of intermolecular coupling of the polymer stars. The asymmetric star polymers showed narrow molecular weight distribution (Đ = 1.09-1.13).1 H NMR spectral results confirm the formation of star-like block (co)polymers. These new vitamin B 6 -based eagle-shaped star (co)polymers may find biomedical and biosensor applications as pH-sensitive and thermo-sensitive drug delivery systems.

Synthesis of naringin‐based polymer brushes via seATRP

“…Monomer conversion, apparent propagation constants ( k p app ), and apparent theoretical degree of polymerization of monomer unit per arm (DP n,theo ) were determined by NMR…”

“…These reagents were used without further purification. Tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) and Cu II Br 2 /TPMA complex were prepared according to the literature . Methyl methacrylate (MMA, >99% from Aldrich) was passed through a basic alumina prior to use.…”

Synthesis of Riboflavin‐Based Macromolecules through Low ppm ATRP in Aqueous Media

“…Tris[((4‐methoxy‐2,5‐dimethyl)‐2‐pyridyl)methyl]amine (TPMA* 3 ) was prepared according to a published procedure . The catalyst complexes (Cu II Br 2 /TPMA, Cu II Br 2 /Me 6 TREN, and Cu II Br 2 /TPMA* 3 ) were prepared as previously reported . Pt gauze (99.9% metals basis), Al wire, Pt wire, and Pt disk (3 mm diameter, Gamry) were purchased from Alfa Aesar.…”

“…[81] The catalyst complexes (Cu II Br 2 /TPMA, Cu II Br 2 /Me 6 TREN, and Cu II Br 2 / TPMA* 3 ) were prepared as previously reported. [43,81,82] Pt gauze (99.9% metals basis), Al wire, Pt wire, and Pt disk (3 mm diameter, Gamry) were purchased from Alfa Aesar.…”

Synthesis of inositol‐based star polymers through low ppm ATRP methods

“…1) using different reducing agents (organic as glucose, [60] phenols, [61] ascorbic acid, [62][63][64][65] hydrazine, [61] amines, [66,67] but also inorganic such as tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate, [60] or zerovalent metal as Ag 0 [68,69] ) in activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) approach, adding zerovalent metals (Cu 0 , Zn 0 , Mg 0 , or Fe 0 ) as supplemental activators and mild reducing agents (SARA), [70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] and applying a reducing current as in electrochemically mediated ATRP. [11,74,[78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] Each of these ATRP methods offers a more environmentally benign and industrially relevant alternative for synthesizing polymers compared with normal ATRP. [95] The newest low ppm ATRP method, simplified electrochemically mediated ATRP (seATRP), [11,…”