Synthesis of polypyrrole nano/microspheres using cobalt(III) as an oxidizing agent and its ammonia sensing behavior

Ahmad, Zahoor; Choudhary, Muhammad Aziz; Mehmood, Aneela; Wakeel, Riffat; Akhtar, Tashfeen; Rafiq, M. A.

doi:10.1007/s13233-016-4081-x

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The structural differences between the material under investigation were noticeable. Therefore, the spectrum of PPy was in a good agreement with those reported in the literature [10], in which the fundamental peaks of PPy-ring were observed at 1548.9 and 1470.7 cm −1 , the =C–H in-plane vibration at 1285.9 and 1038.7 cm −1 , and the C–N stretching at 1170.3 cm −1 . The apparent absence of an O–H peak in the PACK spectrum indicated a reduced structure.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Adsorption of Azo Dye Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solutions Using Alkali-Activated Polypyrrole-Based Graphene Oxide

et al. 2019

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The adsorption of methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solutions onto a KOH-activated polypyrrole-based adsorbent (PACK) was investigated using batch and fixed-bed column techniques. The structural, thermal, and morphological properties of the PACK, analyzed by various methods, support its applicability as an adsorbent. An adsorption kinetic study revealed a preferably pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.9996) and rate-limiting step controlled by both film and intra-particle diffusions. The thermodynamic adsorption tests resulted in negative ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° values, which decreased as the temperature and concentration increased, indicating the spontaneous and exothermic adsorption over 25–45 °C. The adsorption isotherms fit the experimental data in the order of Langmuir ≈ Freundlich > Temkin, with evidence of adsorption operating well via the monolayer physical adsorption process, and maximum monolayer adsorption ranging from 520.8 to 497.5 mg/g. The breakthrough curve of the fixed-bed column experiment was modeled using the Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, and Hill models, resulting in an equilibrium capacity of 57.21 mg/g. A 73% MO recovery was achieved, indicating the possibility of column regeneration. Compared to other adsorbents reported, PACK had comparable or even superior capacity toward MO. For cost-effectiveness, similar nitrogen-containing polymeric wastes could be exploited to obtain such excellent materials for various applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Adsorption of Azo Dye Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solutions Using Alkali-Activated Polypyrrole-Based Graphene Oxide

et al. 2019

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“…The comparative data in plot form is given in Figure 5. Ppy demonstrated its plasticizing temperature at 135 °C , which is in accordance, based on morphology to many published data as [16]. The, Ppy analogue PBNPP, produced a globular morphology, which is less tightly packed and possesses greater voids.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The broader band at 900 cm -1 is due to the out of plane bending of the aromatic ring due to varying number of repeat units in as produced chain length. Finally, the band observed at 780 cm -1 is the characteristic for the polymerization of the pyrrole as reported elsewhere [16,22].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The synthesis of 1,5-bis (N-pyrrolyl)pentane and its polymer; poly[1,5-bis(N-pyrrolyl)pentane], designated as BNPP and PBNPP, respectively were characterized by FT-IR and their spectra were compared with that of pyrrole. There was a simple functional group conversion from cyclic amine to N-alkylated amine as shown in Scheme 1, where two pyrroles loss their H and linked with terminal C. The synthesized monomer "BNPP" was polymerized similar to pyrrole as reported elsewhere [16]. The FT-IR spectra of modified BNPP and PBNPP are shown in Figure 1 (A and B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Designing the poly[1,5-bis(N-pyrrolyl)pentane as a new horizon of polypyrrole paradigm with its structural and optical highlights

et al. 2019

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Poly [1,5-bis(N-pyrrolyl)pentane] (PBNPP) has been designed as a new addition to the modified polypyrrole family. This study entails the introduction of a pentane spacer between two pyrrole moieties and subsequently their oxidative polymerization under ambient conditions. The newly designed monomer and its polymer were fully characterized by FT-IR. The structural and optical behaviors were comparatively explored with reference to polypyrrole (Ppy), which was again prepared under same conditions. SEM was employed to visualize the morphology of PBNPP and Ppy comparatively. The data demonstrated the morphology of the PBNPP as spherical beads with a greater extent of surface porosity compared to Ppy, which possesses a compact granular form.The structural parameters were explored by XRD, where both possess crystallites of smaller size.Thermal behaviors were analyzed by TGA and DSC, where the newly designed polymer showed greater thermal stability and more plasticizing trend as compared to Ppy. Optical and HOMO-LUMO attributes have been characterized using UV-Vis. spectrophotometer and diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The PBNPP demonstrated greater molar absorption and lesser HOMO-LUMO gap as compared to Ppy. The PBNPP was proposed as a suitable candidate for photoconductivity compared with the Ppy. Thus, the polymer produced from the modified pyrrole is thermally more stable, has high plasticizing character, reflects greater optically sensitivity and possesses ease of electronic transition compared to its counterpart.

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“…The bands in the regions of 1600 cm −1 and 1520 cm −1 are due to the olefinic and aromatic C=C stretching, respectively. 11 The reaction of polymer with hydrazine leads to the formation of 4,5-dihydro-1 H -pyrazole ring and is indicated by the shifting of absorptions in the FTIR spectrum. Besides the disappearance of C=O stretching, new absorption band appeared at 2860 cm −1 which is attributed to the aliphatic C–H stretching frequency, and this partial saturation is generated as a result of the heterocyclic ring formation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical and thermal studies of modified terephthaldehyde–acetone polymer

Mazhar

Ahmad

Akhtar

2019

Polymers and Polymer Composites

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Terephthaldehyde–acetone polymer was synthesized in an attempt to study its different structural and spectroscopic aspects along with thermal stability. The effect of modification was studied by introducing 4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazole ring in the polymer chain and silver nano particles (Ag NPs). The structural features of the polymer are supported by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The modification of the polymer is indicated by the appearance of new absorption bands in infrared spectra, due to the formation of dihydropyrazole ring and the interaction of Ag NPs with the main chain of the polymer. XRD revealed the amorphous polymer with an improved degree of crystallinity in the case of nanocomposites. The polymer was found thermally stable up to 210°C, and the stability improved by the addition of 4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazole (325°C) and Ag NPs (up to 360°C). The polymer looks fibrous in SEM micrographs and a decrease in this character is observed on modification. The optical and fluorescence properties warrant its use in LEDs and as an ultraviolet absorber.

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Synthesis of polypyrrole nano/microspheres using cobalt(III) as an oxidizing agent and its ammonia sensing behavior

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

Adsorption of Azo Dye Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solutions Using Alkali-Activated Polypyrrole-Based Graphene Oxide

Adsorption of Azo Dye Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solutions Using Alkali-Activated Polypyrrole-Based Graphene Oxide

Designing the poly[1,5-bis(N-pyrrolyl)pentane as a new horizon of polypyrrole paradigm with its structural and optical highlights

Optical and thermal studies of modified terephthaldehyde–acetone polymer

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