Synthesis of polypyrrole/indium tin oxide nanocomposites via miniemulsion polymerization

Abstract

Polypyrrole/indium tin oxide nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ miniemulsion polymerization of pyrrole monomer in the presence of indium tin oxide nanoparticles. Different nanocomposites were synthesized by different loadings of nano indium tin oxide. The morphology and nanoparticles distribution of the nanocomposites were characterized by electron microscopy. The results of XRD and TEM analysis showed that indium tin oxide nanoparticles were well placed in the polymeric structure of latex. FTIR analysis was used for the characterization of synthesized polypyrrole and its nanocomposites. TGA analysis was performed to investigate the thermal behavior of pristine polypyrrole and its nanocomposites. Conductivities of nanocomposites were measured by 4-point probe method and compared to the neat polymer.

Morphology control of conducting polypyrrole nanostructures via operational conditions in the emulsion polymerization

“…XRD patterns of P‐2, P‐5, and P‐6 in which three different temperatures were used to synthesize the samples are shown in Figure . PPy is generally, an amorphous polymer but it can be changed into a crystalline material by using special dopant, surfactant, and nanoparticles . All the patterns show only one broad peak around 2θ = 25° due to the repeated unit of pyrrole ring and highly oriented of polymeric chains .…”

“…However, due to its strong intermolecular interactions, PPy is generally insoluble and infusible that leads to its poor processability . Therefore, various attempts have been performed to synthesize nanosized PPy to improve its processability and to develop its applications . In this regard, dispersions of PPy nanoparticles can be used in molecular electronics and microelectronic circuits whereas nanosized particles lead to better processability of PPy.…”

Properties and corrosion protection of polypyrrole prepared by electrochemical polymerization on aluminum

“…The C─H stretching vibration was ascribed to the peak at 2931 cm −1 . At 1635 cm −1 (A1), 1631 cm −1 (A2), and 1639 cm −1 (A3), the vibration of the C═O bond (υC═O) could be noticed 23–26 . At 1543 cm −1 (A1), 1550 cm −1 (A2), and 1539 cm −1 (A3) were υC═C aromatic, and υC═N.…”

Polypyrrole-based nanocomposites doped with both salicylate/molybdate and graphene oxide for enhanced corrosion resistance on low-carbon steel

“…XRD patterns of GO, PPy, and nanocomposites are shown in Figure 4 . The results reveal an amorphous structure of polypyrrole (M1) displayed by a broad band at around 2θ = 25° [ 40 ] and the crystal structure of graphene oxide (GO) with a strong diffraction peak at 2θ = 9.98° corresponding to the reflection plane of (002). This 2θ angle reflects the interlayer spacing in GO, which is related to the hydration degree of GO [ 42 ], calculated via Bragg’s equation (nλ = 2d sinθ) to obtain d = 0.88 nm.…”

“…FTIR spectra for the different samples are shown in Figure 6 , all of which exhibit a broad band at around 3440 cm −1 assigned to the O-H stretching of water molecules absorbed in the GO. Besides, Figure 6a displays all characteristic absorption bands of GO structures with oxygen-containing functional groups such as 1637, 1400, and 1093 cm −1 corresponding to C=O stretching, C-O stretching vibration, and O-H deformation, respectively [ 40 , 41 , 43 ]. Meanwhile, Figure 6b displays FTIR spectra of PPy-based nanocomposites with typical peaks of pyrrole structure found at 1474, 1262, and 1123 cm −1 .…”