Synthesis of poly(ionic liquid) for trifunctional epoxy resin with simultaneously enhancing the toughness, thermal and dielectric performances

Yin, Bingyan; Xu, Wen‐Qing; Liu, Chengjun; Kong, Miqiu; Lv, Yadong; Huang, Yajiang; Yang, Qi; Li, Guangxian

doi:10.1039/c9ra10516f

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Meanwhile, lots of voids are formed on the fracture surface due to the cavitation of the PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA phases. These phenomena suggest that the fracture energy can be dissipated, which contributes to the improved toughness 1,2,54,55 . Moreover, the improved interface bonding strength between the matrix and phases due to the reaction between TDE‐85 and PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA reactive block copolymer also facilitates to improve the fracture toughness of TDE‐85/PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA composites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Synthesis of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(propylene glycol)‐b‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)reactive block copolymer with controlled reactivity for toughening multifunctional epoxy resin

Zhu

Tang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Multifunctional epoxy resins are inherently brittle due to the extremely high cross‐linking density, thus the enhancement in the toughness is rather important for the industrial application. In this work, a reactive poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(propylene glycol)‐b‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA) is synthesized by using an atom transfer radical polymerization to toughen trifunctional diglycidyl 4,5‐epoxy cyclohexane‐1,2‐dicarboxylate (TDE‐85). A controllable system is constructed, in which the reaction temperature of TDE‐85 with the hydroxyl of PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA is lower than with the curing agent. As a result, both heterogeneous and homogeneous structures can be formed in composites through controlling reaction temperature. It is found that the toughness of composites with the heterogeneous structure is effectively improved without sacrificing the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and glass transition temperature. Specifically, the mode‐1 critical stress intensity factor and critical strain energy release rate of TDE‐85/10 wt% PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA are increased to 0.77 MPam1/2 and 146 J/m2, respectively, which are effectively enhanced by 32.8% and 70.3%. This can be ascribed to combined toughening effects from the cavitation of the PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA phase, the matrix shear yielding, and the enhanced interface bonding strength due to the reaction between TDE‐85 and PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA. Thus, this study paves a novel strategy to improve the toughness of epoxy resin by controlling the curing reaction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Synthesis of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(propylene glycol)‐b‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)reactive block copolymer with controlled reactivity for toughening multifunctional epoxy resin

Zhu

Tang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Specifically, the impact strength of the systems containing 1 wt% [DMBIm]Br was 0.76 kJ/m 2 , which is 29% higher than that of pristine PF. This can be attributed to the formation of a stable polar conjugate structure because of the introduction of [DMBIm]Br, which enhances the intermolecular interactions between [DMBIm]Br and the PF matrix and consequently increases the impact strength of the PF/[DMBIm]Br systems 22,41 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flexural modulus of the systems at 0.25 wt% [DMBIm]Br was 3.54 GPa, which is 37% high than that of pristine PF. This is because a stable polar conjugate is formed and the intermolecular interactions between [DMBIm]Br and the PF matrix improved due to the [DMBIm]Br addition, which consequently increases the flexural modulus of PF/[DMBIm]Br systems 22,39 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They showed that the cured samples exhibit a relatively high ionic conductivity (5.0 × 10 −8 S/cm) at the glass transition temperature. Furthermore, Yin et al synthesized a poly(ionic liquid) and used it to modify a trifunctional epoxy resin 22 . They determined that the dielectric constant of the epoxy resin improved by 62.5% after the addition of 5 wt% poly(ionic liquid).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of the ionic liquid 1,2‐dimethyl‐3‐butylimidazole bromide salt and its application in phenolic‐formaldehyde‐resin‐based conductive materials

Yao

Wang

Jin

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Herein, the ionic liquid 1,2-dimethyl-3-butylimidazole bromide salt ([DMBIm] Br) was synthesized and its chemical structure was characterized via Fourier transform infrared and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. Moreover, to improve the electrical property of the phenolic formaldehyde (PF) resin, PF/[DMBIm]Br systems were prepared via a melt blending and compression-curing process. Furthermore, the effect of [DMBIm]Br content on the thermal stabilities, mechanical properties, electrical properties, and morphologies of the systems was investigated. The thermal stability of the systems increased with [DMBIm]Br addition. The impact strength of the systems improved with increasing [DMBIm]Br content. Additionally, the volume resistance of the systems significantly decreased from 1.02 Â 10 9 to 1.64 Â 10 7 Ω with increasing [DMBIm]Br content from 0 to 1 wt%.

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“…Another study [ 121 ] also explored the use of PIL in combination with a diglycidyl cyclohexane dicarboxylate epoxy resin. Butyl vinyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate was employed to synthesize PIL, which was suspended in acetone and DDM hardener.…”

Section: Type Of Reinforcementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic liquid‐functionalized reinforcements in epoxy‐based composites: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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Several high‐performance reinforcements may be used in epoxy‐based composites. These commonly undergo chemical and/or physical treatments to enhance their interfacial interactions with polymer matrices. One recent technology comprises the use of ionic liquids (IL) as compatibilizers. This strategy may result in the development of composite materials with greater performance or multifunctional characteristics. Herein, an overview in the area of IL‐modified reinforcements and their effect on epoxy‐based composites is presented. The PRISMA protocol was followed for the review, and the focus of these studies was on the modification of carbon nanotubes, followed by graphene/graphite nanoplatelets and bio‐fillers. The most used IL were those based on imidazolium cation, especially 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride. In most cases, when IL are used, the reinforcement displays stronger interactions with the epoxy matrix, depending the treatment route employed. Improved interfacial interactions are cited as the main reason for the improvement in the composite mechanical and thermal performances. It was also found that strategies for using low IL content, or routes that enable recovery of the salts after fiber/particle treatment, are still required, as well as the study of the influence of different amounts/types of IL on the structure of fillers and their relationships with the composite properties.

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Synthesis of poly(ionic liquid) for trifunctional epoxy resin with simultaneously enhancing the toughness, thermal and dielectric performances

Abstract: This work will provide a strategy to obtain epoxy with relatively high toughness, thermal and dielectric properties.

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Synthesis of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(propylene glycol)‐b‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)reactive block copolymer with controlled reactivity for toughening multifunctional epoxy resin

Synthesis of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(propylene glycol)‐b‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)reactive block copolymer with controlled reactivity for toughening multifunctional epoxy resin

Synthesis of the ionic liquid 1,2‐dimethyl‐3‐butylimidazole bromide salt and its application in phenolic‐formaldehyde‐resin‐based conductive materials

Ionic liquid‐functionalized reinforcements in epoxy‐based composites: A systematic review

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