Synthesis of poly(ethylene-oxide)/nanoclay solid polymer electrolyte for all solid-state lithium/sulfur battery

Zhang, Yongguang; Zhao, Yan; Gosselink, Denise; Chen, P.

doi:10.1007/s11581-014-1176-2

Cited by 113 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The best results reported in literature were obtained at lower rates and/or fewer cycles and at low temperature (25 • C). A high capacity (1200 mAh.g −1 S after 10 cycles) was obtained at 0.2C by Nagata et al 60 and Zhang et al 61 reported a capacity of 634 mAh.g −1 S after 100 cycles at 0.1C. We achieved with the nano-confined LiBH 4 based Li/S batteries high capacities for a consequent numbers of cycles, albeit at intermediate C-rates and temperatures, thin electrodes and low sulfur loadings.…”

Section: Charge-discharge Cycling Of All-solid-satementioning

confidence: 55%

All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery Based on a Nanoconfined LiBH₄Electrolyte

Das

Ngene

Norby

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

106

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In this work we characterize all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries based on nano-confined LiBH 4 in mesoporous silica as solid electrolytes. The nano-confined LiBH 4 has fast ionic lithium conductivity at room temperature, 0.1 mScm −1 , negligible electronic conductivity and its cationic transport number (t + = 0.96), close to unity, demonstrates a purely cationic conductor. The electrolyte has an excellent stability against lithium metal. The behavior of the batteries is studied by cyclic voltammetry and repeated charge/discharge cycles in galvanostatic conditions. The batteries show very good performance, delivering high capacities versus sulfur mass, typically 1220 mAhg −1 after 40 cycles at moderate temperature (55 • During the past decade, the quest for promising next generation energy storage systems has led significant attention to secondary batteries with high specific energy such as lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries (1675 mAhg −1 sulfur at 2.15 V), 1-6 which have 3 to 5 times higher energy densities than commercial state-of-art Li-ion batteries, e.g. 7 The inexpensive, abundant and environmentally benign nature of sulfur makes this battery more appealing for large scale application purposes (e.g. transportation, portable and residential applications) than other metal-ion battery systems. However, there are still numerous scientific and technical challenges for practical application. During discharge in Li/S batteries, lithium ions move spontaneously through the electrolyte from the negative electrode, typically lithium metal, silicon or tin-based compounds, to the positive sulfur electrode and S is ultimately reduced to form Li 2 S, while electrons flow through the external circuit. During charge, Li 2 S is oxidized back to S and Li + by applying an external voltage. The overall electrochemical reaction is:However, the electrochemical reduction of sulfur in Li/S battery occurs through the formation of a series of intermediate lithium polysulfides, Li 2 S x (2 ≤ x ≤ 8). 8,9 These intermediates are soluble in most liquid organic solvents/electrolytes and shuttling between the sulfur cathode and Li anode results in fast self-discharge during storage and low coulombic efficiencies during charging. Therefore, a grand challenge for Li/S batteries is to suppress this mechanism, for example by encapsulation or coating of the sulfur electrode, 10-14 use of impermeable membranes, 15 and/or the use of suitable electrolytes that minimize the solubility and diffusivity of the polysulfides. [16][17][18] Another possibility is to use fast ion-conducting solids, i.e. solid electrolytes with an ionic conductivity (σ ∼ 10 −4 to 10 −1 Scm −1 ) comparable to that of standard liquid electrolytes (e.g. σ ∼10−2 Scm −1 for 1.0 M LiFP 6 in organic solvent). Nanoconfinement of LiBH 4 in nanoporous carbon scaffolds has been reported by various groups to improve the BH 4 − rotational diffusivity and lithium mobility at room temperature.46-49 However, due to their high electronic conductivity, nano-scaffolds of carbon are not ver...

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Section: Charge-discharge Cycling Of All-solid-satementioning

confidence: 55%

All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery Based on a Nanoconfined LiBH₄Electrolyte

Das

Ngene

Norby

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

106

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“…SPEs are solvent-free polymer electrolyte systems in which Li salts are dissolved in high-molecular-weight polymers, without any liquid component. Various ceramic fi llers, including Al 2 O 3 , [ 195 ] LiAlO 2 , [ 201 ] SiO 2 , [ 196 ] ZrO 2 , [ 198,203 ] and nanoclay, [ 199 ] have been introduced into PEO-based SPEs in combination with Li salts such as LiTFSI, LiCF 3 SO 3 , and LiBF 4 . [ 192 ] Compared with conventional liquid electrolytes, SPEs have advantages such as favorable mechanical properties, ease of fabrication into thin fi lms, formation of a stable interface with Li metal, and, if the modulus of the polymer is high enough, prevention of Li dendrite formation.…”

Section: Polymer Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Electrolytes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Zhang

Ueno

Dokko

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

553

510

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lifetimes. In the past two decades, Li-ion batteries have dominated the rechargeable battery market for portable electronic devices such as smart phones, laptops, and other ubiquitous mobile technologies. However, conventional Li-ion batteries, which typically consist of a graphite anode and lithium transition-metal oxide cathode, have insuffi cient energy densities (theoretically, 350-400 W h kg −1 , practically, 100-220 W h kg −1 ) and are expensive. [ 1 ] These disadvantages severely limit their use in power-intensive applications such as long-range electrical vehicles and stationary energy storage. The demand for such new energy-storage systems has stimulated the development of compact and lightweight rechargeable batteries with superior performances, i.e., higher energy densities and longer cycling lifetimes. Li-S batteries, a "beyond Li-ion" technology, with cathodes that are made mainly of elemental sulfur, have a high theoretical specifi c capacity of 1672 mA h g −1 of active material. A sulfur cathode coupled with a Li metal anode is expected to give a theoretical energy density of 2600 W h kg −1 or 2800 W h L −1 when fully discharged, far greater than those of state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries. [ 2 ] In addition, sulfur is naturally abundant, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly, implying that Li-S batteries should be cheaper than currently available Li-ion batteries.There are, however, several serious problems with Li-S batteries, which have limited their commercial success: a) the reactant (sulfur) and product (Li 2 S) of the redox reaction are insoluble and electronically insulating; b) the Li metal anode is reactive and is prone to dendrite formation during cycling, resulting in safety hazards; c) the active materials undergo large volume expansion/contraction during discharge-charge, and this induces mechanical damage to the electrode; and d) the polysulfi de intermediates readily dissolve in the electrolyte and serve as a redox shuttle. Among these problems, the most critical are the dissolution, diffusion, and side reactions of soluble lithium polysulfi des in the electrolytes, as these processes cause problems such as irreversible loss of active materials from the cathode, low coulombic effi ciency, poor stability, rapid capacity fading, and high self-discharge. As shown in Figure 1 , the common Li-S battery architecture consists of a sulfur cathode (usually a S/C composite) and a Li metal anode The rapidly increasing demand for electrical and hybrid vehicles and stationary energy storage requires the development of "beyond Li-ion batteries" with high energy densities that exceed those of state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries. Li-S batteries, which have very high theoretical capacities and energy densities, are believed to be one of the most promising candidates. The sulfur-based electrochemical reaction requires novel electrolytes to replace the classical carbonate-based electrolyte systems inherited from Li-ion batteries because carbonates are incompatible with the intermediate polysulfi des ...

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“…Therefore, most of the SPE-based batteries are cycled at temperatures above 60 ºC. [146][147][148][149][150] To improve the conductivity of SPEs, often different inactive fi llers are added to the SPEs (such as Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , γ-LiAlO 2 , montmorillonite and others), with a goal of improving conductivity. [ 78 ] Taking this into consideration, the choice of SPE materials for Li-S batteries is limited.…”

Section: Solid and Gel Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An additional factor, specifi c to the Li-S system, is that lithium polysulfi des are strong nucleophilic agents and are known to react with many lithium salts, electrolyte solvents and polymers that are routinely used as binders, polymer electrolytes or membranes. [148][149][150][151] Despite of all these efforts, the conductivity of room-temperature SPEs remains too low for practical applications, especially considering the need for practical batteries that can work below room temperature. Salts like LiTFSI, LiFSI or LiTFS and PEO polymers are considered to be the best choice, as it was reported that even PVDF-HFP can be affected by the presence of sulfur and polysulfi des.…”

Section: Solid and Gel Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress Towards Commercially Viable Li–S Battery Cells

Trabesinger

Schott

Novák

2015

Advanced Energy Materials

366

298

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A broad overview of how experimental parameters affect the performance of Li–S batteries is presented here, extending the view on these batteries beyond sophisticated conductive sulfur hosts, which have been the primary focus of many studies in recent years. The exquisite sensitivity of the Li–S system to various experimental parameters speaks to the importance of directing future research towards the entire Li–S‐battery set‐up, rather than just some components. The main overall goal should be to produce cells with high specific energy and energy density. These are challenging tasks and more work is required, in particular in the area of cell engineering. The achievements spotlighted in this report show that outstanding results can be obtained by suitably engineering cathodes and other cell parts, without the need to use advanced structured hosts for sulfur. A lot of stimulating, original and successful research has been done recently in the field, leading to satisfying Li–S battery performances and paving the way for more applied research, with the goal of entering a pre‐application phase in Li–S battery development.

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Synthesis of poly(ethylene-oxide)/nanoclay solid polymer electrolyte for all solid-state lithium/sulfur battery

Cited by 113 publications

References 24 publications

All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery Based on a Nanoconfined LiBH₄Electrolyte

All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery Based on a Nanoconfined LiBH₄Electrolyte

Recent Advances in Electrolytes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Progress Towards Commercially Viable Li–S Battery Cells

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Synthesis of poly(ethylene-oxide)/nanoclay solid polymer electrolyte for all solid-state lithium/sulfur battery

Cited by 113 publications

References 24 publications

All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery Based on a Nanoconfined LiBH4Electrolyte

All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery Based on a Nanoconfined LiBH4Electrolyte

Recent Advances in Electrolytes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Progress Towards Commercially Viable Li–S Battery Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery Based on a Nanoconfined LiBH₄Electrolyte

All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery Based on a Nanoconfined LiBH₄Electrolyte