Synthesis of Poly(arylene ether)s Containing Triphenylamine Units via Nitro Displacement Reaction

Fluorinated Poly(Arylene Ether)s

“…The influence of an electron-donating amine on the -CF 3 -activated nitro-displacement reaction was also reported by Lee and Kim [50]. Poly(arylene ether triphenylamine)s (Scheme 2.8) were synthesized from bis(4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenylamine with an amine group at para-position with respect to the nitro groups.…”

“…The polymerization was carried out by taking an equimolar amount of this monomer and a bisphenol in NMP-toluene mixture at 145-165 °C. The relatively mild reaction conditions prevented side reactions usually experienced by the nitro group at higher temperatures generally required for displacement reactions activated by only a ketone group [50]. The resulting polymers showed T g values in the range of 167-200 °C and high thermal stability with 5% weight loss temperature (T d,5% ) at 500 °C in nitrogen.…”

“…The sulfonated membranes Scheme 2.38 Structure of segmented sulfonated multiblock copolymers (BPSH-6FK) with HFB linkage group. [50,170]. [170].…”

Sulfonated poly(phenylsulfone)/fluorinated polybenzoxazole nanofiber composite membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

“…Meanwhile the wellknown drawbacks of Nafion have motivated researchers to develop candidate PEMs to alternate Nafion. PEMs such as sulfonated poly(phenylene)s [2], poly(arylene ether ketone)s [3e5], poly(arylene ether)s [6,7], polymides [8,9], sulfonated PBT [10] and PBI [11], sulfonated poly(-phenylsulfone) (SPPSU) [12e15] have been developed. Although SPPSU have high thermal stability, excellent mechanical strength, and strong resistance to membrane decomposition in acidic water media, the drawbacks such as high water uptake, large dimensional change, and poor proton conductivity at dehumidified conditions are still need to be improved.…”

Synthesis of nitrile and benzoyl substituted poly(biphenylene oxide)s via nitro displacement reaction

“…The synthesis was accomplished through nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S N Ar) reaction using a nitro-leaving group activated by trifluoromethyl groups that are stable even at relatively high temperature. This nitro displacement reaction has been successfully extended to the synthesis of poly(phenylene oxide), poly(ether ketone), poly(ether sulfone), poly(ether amide), and poly(ether amine) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. But in some cases, trifluoromethylated polymers do not show high glass transition temperatures.…”