Synthesis of PLA/SBA-15 Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Composite materials are used in bone tissue engineering because they mimic the structure of the extracellular matrix of bone. In this work, polylactic acid (PLA) fiber scaffolds prepared by air-jet spinning technique, were doped with different concentrations of SBA-15 ceramic (0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 wt%). The SBA-15 ceramic powder was made by the Sol-Gel process. Physicochemical characterization of PLA, SBA-15, and composite fiber scaffold was done by XRD, SEM, BET, FTIR, TGA, mechanical test, and biocompatibility assay, which were performed in a cell culture model with osteoblast cells. Our results showed a random nanofibers composite scaffold with an improvement in the physicochemical properties. The PLA fiber diameter increases as increases the content of SBA-15, and the mechanical properties were dose-dependent. SBA-15 shows the well-ordered mesoporous hexagonal structure with a pore size of 5.8 ± 0.2 nm and a specific surface area with a value of 1042 ± 89 m 2 /g. PLA fibers and composites have thermal stability up to 300°C, and thermal decomposition in the range 316-367°C. In vitro biocompatibility results showed that PLA/SBA-15 composite scaffold had no cytotoxicity effect in terms of cell adhesion and viability of osteoblast cells. Furthermore, the doped SBA-15 with 0.05% wt onto the polymer matrix could be useful in biomedical applications for bone tissue engineering.

Standardization of 3D printing parameters to control the size and shape of pores in Polylactic acid scaffolds

“…Concerning the mechanical properties, the results revealed in Figure 5 represent a stress‐strain curve of the 3D printed scaffolds, where the average maximal compression obtained was 74.642 MPa, while the elastic modulus was 3.35 MPa, compared to cortical bone tissue, which has a maximal compression of 131 MPa and an elastic modulus of 10,100 MPa, 50,51 it becomes evident that the mechanical properties of these printed scaffolds are not similar to those of the cortical bone, the native tissue to which the use of these scaffolds is directed. However, it is noteworthy that molecular weight, filament diameter, and extrusion temperature influence the mechanical properties of 3D printed scaffolds, and it has also been reported that increasing porosity leads to a decrease in elastic properties 42 …”

Development of bioactive short fiber-reinforced printable hydrogels with tunable mechanical and osteogenic properties for bone repair

“…Since PLA degrades into lactic acid which is normally present in the body, it is an ideal candidate for various biomedical applications. [25][26][27][28] However, fewer modifications need to be done to obtain desirable mechanical strength and cell attachment. Several coating methods have been reported to enhance the mechanical properties of PLA scaffolds including coating with hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) and fiberglass.…”

Enhancing Bioactivity of Nanofibrous Poly(Caprolactone)/45S5 Bioglass Composite Scaffolds by Incorporation of Ag, GO, and ZnO Nanoparticles

“…The incorporation of 45S5 bioactive glass with PCL exhibits better mechanical properties, cellular activities, and a higher rate of degradation. A combination of biodegradable polymers and bioceramics (PolyLactic Glycol A/BG, PLA/HA, PLA/Santa Barbara Amorphous15, and PCL/Collagen) can mimic bone morphology and function. − Another important criterion that has to be considered in designing implants is to prevent infections under high-risk infection conditions.…”