“…[1,2] More than 600 derivatives are known from over 6000 different plant species,and they are probably responsible for half of the loss of domestic livestock and countless reports on acute and chronic human food poisoning owing to their high toxicity. [1] Despite the infamous "success" of these PA toxins,o nly afew PA derivatives that originate from non-plant organisms have been described, namely the clazamycins, [3,4] jenamidines, [5,6] bohemamine, [7] and NP25302, [8] which have all been isolated from Streptomyces.W hereas PA biosynthesis in plants includes homospermidine cyclization, [9][10][11] nothing is known about bacterial PA biosynthesis.…”