Synthesis of Novel Tamarind Gum-co-poly(acrylamidoglycolic acid)-Based pH Responsive Semi-IPN Hydrogels and Their Ag Nanocomposites for Controlled Release of Chemotherapeutics and Inactivation of Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria

Abstract

In this paper, novel pH-responsive, semi-interpenetrating polymer hydrogels based on tamarind gum-co-poly(acrylamidoglycolic acid) (TMGA) polymers were synthesized using simple free radical polymerization in the presence of bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate as a crosslinker and potassium persulfate as a initiator. In addition, these hydrogels were used as templates for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (13.4 ± 3.6 nm in diameter, TMGA-Ag) by using leaf extract of Teminalia bellirica as a reducing agent. Swelling kinetics and the equilibrium swelling behavior of the TMGA hydrogels were investigated in various pH environments, and the maximum % of equilibrium swelling behavior observed was 2882 ± 1.2. The synthesized hydrogels and silver nanocomposites were characterized via UV, FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM. TMGA and TMGA-Ag hydrogels were investigated to study the characteristics of drug delivery and antimicrobial study. Doxorubicin hydrochloride, a chemotherapeutic agent successfully encapsulated with maximum encapsulation efficiency, i.e., 69.20 ± 1.2, was used in in vitro release studies in pH physiological and gastric environments at 37 °C. The drug release behavior was examined with kinetic models such as zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Hixson Crowell and Korsmeyer–Peppas. These release data were best fitted with the Korsemeyer–Peppas transport mechanism, with n = 0.91. The effects of treatment on HCT116 human colon cancer cells were assessed via cell viability and cell cycle analysis. The antimicrobial activity of TMGA-Ag hydrogels was studied against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia. Finally, the results demonstrate that TMGA and TMGA-Ag are promising candidates for anti-cancer drug delivery and the inactivation of pathogenic bacteria, respectively.

A Silver Nanoparticle‐Embedded Tamarind Kernel Gum/Poly (Sodium Acrylate) Nanocomposite for Sustainable Release of Doxycycline

“…There is a reported synthesis of hydrogels of tamarind gum-copoly(acrylamidoglycolic acid) and their silver nanocomposite for release study of doxorubicin drug. [11] In another research, the co-precipitation method was used to fabricate the nanohydroxyapatite/chitosan-tamarind seed nanocomposite for bone tissue engineering. [12] In this present study, we have explored the development of TKG and poly (sodium acrylate) hydrogel and their Ag NP-embedded hydrogel in biomedical applications for the first time as per our knowledge.…”

Biocompatible polymeric blend for pH driven delivery of cytarabine: Effect of feed contents on swelling and release kinetics

“…In literature, TGP has been functionalized with carbon nanotubes, sodium alginates and polyvinyl alcohol etc. for controlled drug delivery applications 11,12 …”

“…for controlled drug delivery applications. 11,12 Cytarabine (1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine) is a low molecular weight and hydrophilic anti-neoplastic agent. It belongs to BCS class III that is, low permeability and high solubility.…”

Multifunctional AIE Nanosphere-Based “Nanobomb” for Trimodal Imaging-Guided Photothermal/Photodynamic/Pharmacological Therapy of Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infections

“…However, few NIR-II-emissive AIEgens have been designed to carry both potent PTT and significant PDT activities, which may be applied not only for pathophysiological monitoring of deeply infected sites but also to maximize synergistic bactericidal efficiency. On the other hand, achieving targeted controlled release of drugs is essential to reduce toxic side effects by increasing the effective drug concentration within the foci. , Thus, combining a drug-targeted controlled release strategy with a multifunctional AIEgen strategy may maximize the theranostics effectiveness of these materials for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections.…”

“…On the other hand, achieving targeted controlled release of drugs is essential to reduce toxic side effects by increasing the effective drug concentration within the foci. 53,54 Thus, combining a drug-targeted controlled release strategy with a multifunctional AIEgen strategy may maximize the theranostics effectiveness of these materials for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections.…”