“…Over the past decade, several chemical approaches utilizing alternative oxidation steps to obtain novel structures of modified phosphate groups, which allow one not only to change the nature of the phosphate backbone but also to apply the chemistry of its introduction to varying desirable functional moieties, have been proposed [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. In particular, we have adopted the method of using electron-deficient azides in the Staudinger reaction during the oxidation step to efficiently obtain various phosphate derivatives [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. We have also demonstrated that different representatives of the developed phosphoryl guanidine and triazinyl phosphoramidate modifications can be applied for the synthesis of lipophilic oligonucleotides with enhanced levels of intracellular accumulation [ 37 ].…”