Synthesis of novel reactive coalescing agents and their application in a latex coating

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The syntheses and the performance of five glycidyl compounds as novel reactive coalescing agents are presented. The reactive coalescing agents were synthesized with moderate yields, structures were verified using spectroscopic methods, and the properties of glycidyl compounds such as boiling points and evaporation rates were measured. The applicability of five glycidyl compounds as reactive coalescing agents was tested in characterized carboxyl functional latex. Properties like pendulum hardness, gloss, and efficiency of the glycidyl compound to reduce the minimum film-formation temperature (MFFT) of the latex were measured from the cured latex films. The application test results were compared to the commercial nonreactive coalescing agent, Nexcoat TM 795. The films with synthesized reactive coalescing agents with carboxyl functional latex were found to have good pendulum hardness and excellent gloss. Also, the efficiency of three glycidyl compounds in lowering the MFFT of the latex was competitive with the commercial coalescing agent.

Effect of Hyperbranched Poly(butyl methacrylate) on Polymer Diffusion in Poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) Latex Films

“…For example, Rissanen synthesized five glycidyl compounds, some of which had better performance than a commercial nonreactive coalescing agent, Nexcoat 795. 10 Previous work in our research group showed that β-hexamethoxymethylmelamine was an effective reactive coalescing agent in a model automotive base coat formulation. 11 Until now, however, there are still no effective substitutes to replace VOCs as coalescing agents in latex formulations.…”

Eligibility of rheumatoid arthritis patients seen in clinical practice for rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials: Comment on the article by Sokka and Pincus

“…The synthesis of 1 was reported recently 12. All glycidyl ethers 2–5 (Scheme ) were made with a modified literature synthetic procedure such as the following recipe for the preparation of 1,2‐epoxy‐3‐(2‐ethylhexyloxy)propane ( 2 ) (Scheme )13:…”

Detection of coalescing agents in water-borne latex emulsions using an environment sensitive fluorescent probe

“…The solvent dependence of the emission energies of 2 can be quantified using the Lippert-Mataga eqn (3). Going from non-polar to polar solvents, the radiative rate constant k f of the charge-transfer emission decreases due to less efficient intensity borrowing from the cyanonaphthalene transition, and the non-radiative decay rate k d increases as a result of the smaller energy gap.…”

“…In order to obtain smooth and coherent films, it is, however, often still necessary to add a small amount of organic co-solvent to achieve optimal coalescence of the latex particles during film formation. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Legislation requires reduction of the use of these so-called Volatile Organic Components (VOCs), which makes it important to select the most effective coalescing agents. During film formation the cosolvent should not evaporate too fast, before the particles start to coalesce, or too slowly, which will adversely affect the mechanical properties of the final film.…”