Synthesis of Novel Polymer-Silica Colloidal Nanocomposites via Free-Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers

Barthet, Christelle; Hickey, Andrew J.; Cairns, Dean; Armes, Steven P.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-4095(199903)11:5<408::aid-adma408>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 206 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Hence, the silica-polymer nanocomposite particles with various morphologies, such as silica (core)-organic material (shell) [20], organic (core)-silica (shell) [21], raspberry-like [22], snowman-like [23], daisy-shaped, multipod-like [24] and raisin bun-like [25], have been produced by different techniques. These nanocomposite particles are commonly produced by incorporation of colloidal silica in heterogeneous polymerizations, such as emulsion, dispersion and suspension [26,27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Encapsulated Nanosilica Particles with an Acrylic Copolymer by in Situ Emulsion Polymerization Using Thermoresponsive Nonionic Surfactant

et al. 2013

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Nanocomposites of encapsulated silica nanoparticles were prepared by in situ emulsion polymerization of acrylate monomers. The synthesized material showed good uniformity and dispersion of the inorganic components in the base polymer, which enhances the properties of the nanocomposite material. A nonionic surfactant with lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was used to encapsulate the silica nanoparticles in the acrylic copolymer matrix. This in situ method combined the surface modification and the encapsulation in a single pot, which greatly simplified the process compared with other conventional methods requiring separate processing steps. The morphology of the OPEN ACCESSMaterials 2013, 6 3728 encapsulated nanosilica particles was investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which confirmed the uniform distribution of the nanoparticles without any agglomerations. A neat copolymer was also prepared as a control sample. Both the neat copolymer and the prepared nanocomposite were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and the flame resistance test. Due to the uniform dispersion of the non-agglomerated nanoparticles in the matrix of the polymer, TGA and flame resistance test results showed remarkably improved thermal stability. Furthermore, DMTA results demonstrated an enhanced storage modulus of the nanocomposite samples compared with that of the neat copolymer, indicating its superior mechanical properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Encapsulated Nanosilica Particles with an Acrylic Copolymer by in Situ Emulsion Polymerization Using Thermoresponsive Nonionic Surfactant

et al. 2013

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“…10 It has been widely reported that in situ (co)polymerization of various vinyl monomers in the presence of ultrafine silica sols either in aqueous solution, in alcohol/water mixtures [32][33][34][35][36] or in purely alcoholic media [37][38][39][40] can result in the formation of vinyl polymer/silica nanocomposite particles. For example, Barthet et al 15 described the free radical (co)polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) using ammonium persulfate in the presence of an ultrafine silica sol. The resulting colloidal nanocomposite particles had mean diameters of 150 to 170 nm and silica contents as high as 37 % by mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Acrylic Film-Forming Colloidal Polymer/Silica Nanocomposite Particles Prepared by Aqueous Emulsion Polymerization

2011

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Article:Fielding, L.A., Tonnar, J. and Armes, S.P. (2011) All-acrylic film-forming colloidal polymer/silica nanocomposite particles prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization. Langmuir, 27 (17). 11129 -11144. ISSN 0743-7463 https://doi.org/10.1021/la202066n eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. Abstract. The efficient synthesis of all-acrylic, film-forming, core-shell colloidal nanocomposite particles via in situ aqueous emulsion copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with n-butyl methacrylate in the presence of a glycerol-functionalized ultrafine silica sol using a cationic azo initiator at 60 °C is reported. It is shown that relatively monodisperse nanocomposite particles can be produced with typical mean weight-average diameters of 140 -330 nm and silica contents of up to 39 wt. %. The importance of surface functionalization of the silica sol is highlighted and it is demonstrated that systematic variation of parameters such as the initial silica sol concentration and initiator concentration affect both the mean particle diameter and the silica aggregation efficiency. The nanocomposite morphology comprises a copolymer core and a particulate silica shell, as determined by aqueous electrophoresis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Moreover, it is shown that films cast from n-butyl acrylate-rich copolymer/silica nanocomposite dispersions are significantly more transparent than those prepared from the poly(styrene-co-n-butyl acrylate)/silica nanocomposite particles reported previously. In the case of the aqueous emulsion homopolymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of ultrafine silica, a particle formation mechanism is proposed to account for the various experimental observations made when periodically sampling such nanocomposite syntheses at intermediate comonomer conversions.

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“…One emerging fabrication route makes use of the assembly of colloidal building blocks to construct a more complex nanocomposite supracolloidal structure. The assembly process can be driven or guided by electrostatic forces, such as in heterocoagulation to prepare silica/polymer nanocomposite nanoparticles 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft polymer and nano-clay supracolloidal particles in adhesives: synergistic effects on mechanical properties

et al. 2009

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Numerous synthesis routes towards nanostructured polymer particles have emerged, but few examples demonstrate the essential need for such complex particle structures to achieve any added benefit in a target application. Here, polymer particles having Laponite-clay armor were prepared by the Pickering miniemulsion polymerization of n-lauryl acrylate. The resulting "softhard" poly(lauryl acrylate) (PLA)/Laponite hybrid particles were blended at varying low concentrations with a standard poly(butyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) (PBA) latex for application as a waterborne pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA). The tack adhesion properties of the resulting nanocomposite films were compared with the performance of the PBA when blended with either a conventional non-armored PLA latex, with Laponite RD nanosized clay discs, or a mixture of both. A true synergistic effect was discovered showing that the clay-armored supracolloidal structure of the hybrid particles was essential to achieve a superior balance of viscoelastic properties. The addition of small amounts, e.g. 2.7 wt.%, of the "soft-hard" clay-armored PLA particles increased the tack adhesion energy considerably more than found for the two individual components or for the sum of their individual contributions. The soft PLA core ensures that the adhesives are not stiffened too much by the nano-sized Laponite clay. Slippage at the interface between the nanoclay platelets and the PBA matrix introduces an additional energy dissipation mechanism during deformation. Through the synergistic effect of the clay and PLA in the supracolloidal armored latex structure, the tack adhesion energy is increased by 45 Jm -2 , which is about 70% greater than found for the PBA adhesive alone. IntroductionPolymer-inorganic hybrid particles with interesting nanostructures have been fabricated via a myriad of synthetic routes to impart desirable physical characteristics, including ferromagnetism 1 , 2 , self-assembly of particle chains 3 , ionic fluid flow, 4 and enhanced mechanical properties in nanocomposites 5,6,7 . One emerging fabrication route makes use of the assembly of colloidal building blocks to construct a more complex nanocomposite supracolloidal structure. The assembly process can be driven or guided by electrostatic forces, such as in heterocoagulation to prepare silica/polymer nanocomposite nanoparticles 8 .The process can also make use of confined geometries, e.g. droplets 9 , or a "particle lithography" approach, which -when coupled with electrostatic forces -leads to patchy structures 10 . A convenient and scalable method to fabricate polymer latexes armored with inorganic nanoparticles is to employ liquid-liquid interface-driven assembly and to combine it with (mini)emulsion polymerization techniques. 11,12,13 Although there has been a recent surge in fabrication methods for submicron-sized supracolloidal structures, examples in which profound changes in the bulk material properties can be directly ascribed to the nanostructured morphology of these complex colloidal partic...

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Synthesis of Novel Polymer-Silica Colloidal Nanocomposites via Free-Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers

Abstract: stead of the calculated one [21]. This is due to the fact that, at the self-consistent field level, the excitation energy is overestimated by a factor of 2±3 (this is brought about by the neglect of coulomb and exchange integrals).

Cited by 206 publications

References 7 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Encapsulated Nanosilica Particles with an Acrylic Copolymer by in Situ Emulsion Polymerization Using Thermoresponsive Nonionic Surfactant

Synthesis and Characterization of Encapsulated Nanosilica Particles with an Acrylic Copolymer by in Situ Emulsion Polymerization Using Thermoresponsive Nonionic Surfactant

All-Acrylic Film-Forming Colloidal Polymer/Silica Nanocomposite Particles Prepared by Aqueous Emulsion Polymerization

Soft polymer and nano-clay supracolloidal particles in adhesives: synergistic effects on mechanical properties

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