Synthesis of Novel Monodispersed Dendritic Base Amplifiers to Apply to Negative-tone Photoresists

Chemical Amplification of Subthreshold Base Triggers To Drive Sol–Gel Transitions in Polymers

“…Following the pioneering work of Arimitsu and Ichimura et al, 13,14 diverse chemistries of BAs have been devised. 15−17 The versatility of bases in chemical reactions have led to the employment of BAs in applications including photolithography, 18,19 resin curing, 20,21 frontal free-radical polymerization, 22,23 and degradable polyurethanes. 17,24 However, in the published systems, the amplification reactions occurred at elevated temperatures and/or a stoichiometric amount of a base trigger was applied.…”

“…In the presence of a base trigger, autocatalytic decomposition of a base amplifier (BA) generates one or more equivalents of base molecules, relative to BA molecules per cycle, leading to an exponential increase in base concentration. Following the pioneering work of Arimitsu and Ichimura et al, , diverse chemistries of BAs have been devised. − The versatility of bases in chemical reactions have led to the employment of BAs in applications including photolithography, , resin curing, , frontal free-radical polymerization, , and degradable polyurethanes. , However, in the published systems, the amplification reactions occurred at elevated temperatures and/or a stoichiometric amount of a base trigger was applied.…”