SYNTHESIS OF NARROW DISPERSE CROSSLINKED POLY(DIVINYLBENZENE) MICROSPHERES IN ACETIC ACID &lt;I&gt;via&lt;/I&gt; PRECIPITATION POLYMERIZATION

Qing, Yan; Bai, Yaowen; Meng, Zhe; Yang, Wantai

doi:10.3724/sp.j.1105.2007.01102

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The present interest in solvent effects has also stemmed from a deficiency in our recent work, 25,26 where the innoxious acetic acid (HAc) could successfully replace harmful acetonitrile as the solvent in the precipitation polymerization of monodisperse cross-linked PDVB-55 microspheres. Furthermore, as an organic proton-containing solvent, acetic acid is amphipathic, miscible with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, which enlarges the scope of available monomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Precipitation Polymerization in Acetic Acid: Study of the Solvent Effect on the Morphology of Poly(divinylbenzene)

et al. 2009

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This paper reports on two important results regarding the precipitation polymerization of poly(divinylbenzene) (PDVB) in acetic acid (HAc). (1) Acetic acid is a novel kind of solvent worthy of investigation because it is amphipathic and innoxious. Thus, two kinds of model solvents, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and n-heptane, were selected to investigate the solvent effect on the particle morphology of PDVB-55 during precipitation polymerization in acetic acid. Monodisperse PDVB-55 microspheres were obtained with an MEK content of 30 vol % and a DVB loading of 2 vol %. Odd-shaped particles were found to almost disappear when MEK was added. For MEK contents up to 90 vol %, space-filling macrogels consisting of small particles with diameters of around 10 nm were obtained. More homocoagulated particles were produced when n-heptane was added, for which concentrations up to 50 vol % gave rise to cauliflower-like particles. Thus, in the acetic acid system, microspheres, pumpkin-like particles, macrogels, and coagulum could be successfully obtained. (2) The preparation of nonpolar PDVB-55 particles could be more predictable. For the first time-based on the regulation of former studies--the regularity of the dispersive term (delta(d)) on the particle morphology for a PDVB precipitation polymerization system was reported. The three-dimensional Hansen solubility parameters were utilized to perfect the regularity of the Hildebrand solubility parameter. Microspheres or particles were formed in the range of moderate delta values for both parameters, i.e., delta = 20.2-24.3 MPa1/2 or delta = 16 MPa1/2. What was even more important, delta(d) was found to be around 15.4 MPa1/2, and delta(h) should be below 13.5 MPa1/2. Cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, n-butyl acetate, and 1,4-dioxane were used to verify this regularity, and positive results were obtained. Stable, uniform, and well-separated PDVB-55 microspheres and particles were produced as a result of interaction forces between oligomers, polymers, and solvent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Precipitation Polymerization in Acetic Acid: Study of the Solvent Effect on the Morphology of Poly(divinylbenzene)

et al. 2009

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“…Our group proposed that α-olefin and maleic anhydride can undergo a self-stable precipitation polymerization reaction in a specific solvent environment [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. A series of research works have been employed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Stable Precipitation Polymerization Molecular Entanglement Effect and Molecular Weight Simulations and Experiments

Gao

Yang

2021

Polymers

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In this paper, we developed a reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) scheme to simulate the Self-Stable Precipitation (SP) polymerization of 1-pentene and cyclopentene (C5) with maleic anhydride (MAn) in an all-atom resolution. We studied the chain propagation mechanism by tracking the changes in molecular conformation and analyzing end-to-end distance and radius of gyration. The results show that the main reason of chain termination in the reaction process was due to intramolecular cyclic entanglement, which made the active center wrapped in the center of the globular chain. After conducting the experiment in the same condition with the simulation, we found that the distribution trend and peak value of the molecular-weight-distribution curve in the simulation were consistent with experimental results. The simulated number average molecular weight (Mn) and weight average molecular weight (Mw) were in good agreement with the experiment. Moreover, the simulated molecular polydispersity index (PDI) for cyclopentene reaction with maleic anhydride was accurate, differing by 0.04 from the experimental value. These show that this model is suitable for C5–maleic anhydride self-stable precipitation polymerization and is expected to be used as a molecular weight prediction tool for other maleic anhydride self-stable precipitation polymerization system.

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“…In the growth of particles, surface vinyl groups capture soluble oligomer radicals from the solution for further polymerization. Furthermore, the solvent effect on the particle morphology during a precipitation polymerization in acetic acid and monodisperse poly(St‐ co ‐DVB‐55) microspheres by precipitation polymerization in acetic acid with good or poor cosolvent was also investigated 17, 18…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of monodisperse crosslinked poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) microspheres by precipitation polymerization in acetic acid

Tan

Chen

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microspheres with size ranging from 1.6 to 1.8 lm were prepared in acetic acid by precipitation polymerization. The particle size and particle size distribution were determined by laser diffraction particle size analyzer, and the morphology of the particles was observed with scanning electron microscope. Besides, effects of various polymerization parameters such as initiator and total monomer concentration, divinylbenzene (DVB) content, polymerization time and polymerization temperature on the morphology and particle size were investigated in this article. In addition, the yield of microspheres increased with the increasing total monomer concentration, initiator loading, DVB concentration and polymerization time. In addition, the optimum polymerization conditions for synthesis of monodisperse crosslinked poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microspheres by precipitation polymerization in acetic acid were obtained.

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SYNTHESIS OF NARROW DISPERSE CROSSLINKED POLY(DIVINYLBENZENE) MICROSPHERES IN ACETIC ACID <I>via</I> PRECIPITATION POLYMERIZATION

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Precipitation Polymerization in Acetic Acid: Study of the Solvent Effect on the Morphology of Poly(divinylbenzene)

Precipitation Polymerization in Acetic Acid: Study of the Solvent Effect on the Morphology of Poly(divinylbenzene)

Self-Stable Precipitation Polymerization Molecular Entanglement Effect and Molecular Weight Simulations and Experiments

Synthesis of monodisperse crosslinked poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) microspheres by precipitation polymerization in acetic acid

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