Synthesis of Nanomaterials as a Platform for Molecular Imaging

Gao, Jinhao; Xie, Jin; Xu, Bing; Chen, Xiaoyuan

doi:10.1002/9780470767047.ch2

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…The development of bionanotechnology has also bolstered this field by providing nanocarriers that package optical dyes and agents for other modalities. [84] These multimodality agents provide opportunities to combine an enzyme-responsive MRI contrast agent with a “control” agent for a different imaging modality that can account for pharmacokinetic delivery and other environmental conditions that may affect the signal from the MRI contrast agent. This comparison of the contrast changes from an enzyme-responsive agent and an unresponsive control agent is critical for improving the specificity of in vivo enzyme detection.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting Enzyme Activities with Exogenous MRI Contrast Agents

Hingorani¹,

Yoo²,

Bernstein³

et al. 2014

Chemistry A European J

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This review focuses on exogenous MRI contrast agents that are responsive to enzyme activity. Enzymes can catalyze a change in water access, rotational tumbling time, the proximity of a 19F-labeled ligand, the aggregation state, the proton chemical exchange rate between the agent and water, or the chemical shift of 19F, 31P, 13C or a labile 1H of an agent, which can be used to detect enzyme activity. The variety of agents attests to the creativity in developing enzyme-responsive MRI contrast agents.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting Enzyme Activities with Exogenous MRI Contrast Agents

Hingorani¹,

Yoo²,

Bernstein³

et al. 2014

Chemistry A European J

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“…Fluorescence imaging is based on fluorescent molecules that can be excited by particular light source, causing electron transition following energy dissipation via fluorescence emission. In order to enhance imaging quality, a number of different fluorescent imaging contrast agents have been developed, including small molecular organic dyes, [3] organic nanoparticles (NPs), [4] inorganic nanoparticles [5] (e. g., quantum dots, rare‐earth metal ion‐doped upconversion NPs, metallic NPs), in which organic dyes have attracted more attention due to their specified structures, easy modifications, and high biocompatibility. However, traditional fluorescent dyes are easily quenched in the aggregated state, which refers to a common phenomenon as aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) due to π–π stacking [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregation‐induced Emission Based Fluorogens for Mitochondria‐targeted Tumor Imaging and Theranostics

Pan

Elkawad

et al. 2020

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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Occurrence and development of cancer are multifactorial and multistep processes which involve complicated cellular signaling pathways. Mitochondria, as the energy producer in cells, play key roles in tumor cell growth and division. Since mitochondria of tumor cells have a more negative membrane potential than those of normal cells, several fluorescent imaging probes have been developed for mitochondria-targeted imaging and photodynamic therapy. Conventional fluorescent dyes suffer from aggregationcaused quenching effect, while novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probes are ideal candidates for biomedical applications due to their large stokes shift, strong photobleaching resistance, and high quantum yield. This review aims to introduce the recent advances in the design and application of mitochondria-targeted AIE probes. The comprehensive review focuses on the structure-property relationship of these imaging probes, expecting to inspire the development of more practical and versatile AIE fluorogens (AIEgens) as tumor imaging and therapy agents for preclinical and clinical use.

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“…[5][6][7][8] This window of opportunity for imaging can be lengthened even further, however, by employing targeted ultrasound contrast technology. 9,10 By attaching biological markers to the surface of the ultrasound contrast microbubble, the contrast agent can target and tether to physiologic markers in vivo. 5,6,[9][10][11][12] This allows for not only elongated imaging time but also the evaluation of biochemical processes at the molecular level.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10 By attaching biological markers to the surface of the ultrasound contrast microbubble, the contrast agent can target and tether to physiologic markers in vivo. 5,6,[9][10][11][12] This allows for not only elongated imaging time but also the evaluation of biochemical processes at the molecular level. 5,6,[9][10][11]13 The composition of ultrasound contrast microbubbles causes them to be restricted to the vascular compartment, and they are therefore ideal for investigating disease processes taking place on the endothelial surface.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6,[9][10][11][12] This allows for not only elongated imaging time but also the evaluation of biochemical processes at the molecular level. 5,6,[9][10][11]13 The composition of ultrasound contrast microbubbles causes them to be restricted to the vascular compartment, and they are therefore ideal for investigating disease processes taking place on the endothelial surface. 14 To this end, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), such as P-selectin, intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), are known biomarkers that express in the early stages of inflammation on the endothelium surface.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Targeted Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound to Detect Neural Inflammation

Volz

Evans

Kanner

et al. 2016

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography

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Targeted contrast-enhanced ultrasound (TCEUS) is an innovative method of molecular imaging used for detection of inflammatory biomarkers in vivo. By targeting ultrasound contrast to cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), which are known inflammatory markers within neural tissue, a more direct evaluation of neural inflammation can be made. Due to the novel nature of TCEUS, standardized methods of image analysis do not yet exist. Time intensity curve (TIC) shape analysis is currently used in magnetic resonance contrast imaging to determine temporal behavior of perfusion. Therefore, the presented research attempts to determine TIC shape analysis utility in TCEUS imaging by applying it to TCEUS scans targeted to CAMs present in neural inflammation. This was done in an animal model that underwent a traumatic spinal cord injury to induce inflammation ( n = 31). Subjects were divided into four groups, each receiving a TCEUS targeted to a different CAM seven days after surgery (P-selectin, intracellular adhesion molecule 1 [ICAM-1], vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 [VCAM-1], and control). TICs were generated using average pixel intensity within the injured region of the spinal cord. TIC shape analysis found similar curves were produced while targeting P-selectin and VCAM-1, both demonstrating rapid and sustained enhancement. Control injections demonstrated no enhancement. ICAM-1 injections demonstrated limited enhancement and a shape similar to the control.

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Synthesis of Nanomaterials as a Platform for Molecular Imaging

Cited by 3 publications

References 114 publications

Detecting Enzyme Activities with Exogenous MRI Contrast Agents

Detecting Enzyme Activities with Exogenous MRI Contrast Agents

Aggregation‐induced Emission Based Fluorogens for Mitochondria‐targeted Tumor Imaging and Theranostics

Exploring Targeted Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound to Detect Neural Inflammation

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