Synthesis of n-propyl propionate in a pilot-plant reactive distillation column: Experimental study and simulation

Liquid-liquid equilibrium for the quaternary system propionic acid + n-propanol + n-propyl propionate + water at 293.15, 313.15 and 333.15 K

“…This ester is used in many different fields, for example, as a constituent part of coatings, printing inks, air freshener, confecting essence, detergent and other industrial products. n-Propyl propionate is readily biodegradable and it is expected to be rapidly degraded in wastewater treatment plants or in the environment [1]. n-Propyl propionate is generally synthesized by the esterification reaction of propionic acid with n-propanol.…”

“…For example, one can use the advantage of the phase splitting by coupling the distillation column with a liquid-liquid separator [4]. For this reason the majority of recent papers on n-propyl propionate production include the discussion of the splitting in propionic acid + n-propanol + n-propyl propionate + water system [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Nevertheless the available experimental data sets on LLE were presented for binary sub-systems and for ternary n-propanol + water + n-propyl propionate system only [11].…”

Design and control of reactive distillation–recovery distillation flowsheet with a decanter for synthesis of N-propyl propionate

“…If the reactants were fed to the column on the basis of the stoichiometry of the chemistry, a single column could not meet the requirements in purity and conversion. Cruz-Díaz et al [4] also studied synthesis of ProPro in a pilot-plant RD column by experiments. The influence of the molar feed ratio on product purity and conversion of the reactants was analyzed.…”

Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate and propylene glycol in a pilot-scale reactive distillation column: Experimental investigation, modeling and process analysis

“…An example is the in-situ removal of products from the reaction zone, increasing the yield of chemical-equilibrium-limited reactions such as esterifications [18][19][20][21][22], transesterifications [23,24], etherifications [25,26] and condensations as investigated by Darda and Ranade [27].…”