Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nano-fibres using the aerosol method with metal-ions as the catalyst precursors

Glerup, M.; Kanzow, Henning; Robert, Aymeric; Castignolles, M.; Bernier, P.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2614(03)01134-5

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[11] Carrier gases are used to assist the generation of aerosol and transport the aerosol to the reaction zone.…”

Section: Atomization and Carrier Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[118,119] Nanometer-sized transition metal particles, such as nickel, iron, molybdenum, and cobalt, or their oxides, are widely used as a catalyst for the CVD synthesis of CNTs. [11] The process involves pyrolysis of a mixed liquid aerosol consisting of both a liquid hydrocarbon and the catalyst precursor. [11] The process involves pyrolysis of a mixed liquid aerosol consisting of both a liquid hydrocarbon and the catalyst precursor.…”

Section: Carbon Nanotubes (Cnts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[120] In the AACVD method, these active catalysts can be formed in situ, using H 2 as both carrier gas and reducing agent for the metal ions. [11,118,119,[121][122][123] Aligned multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs) are the typical products produced by AACVD, while single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) can be obtained in certain instances. Ferrocene, cobaltocene, cobalt nitrate, nickelocene, iron pentacarbonyl, etc., have been used as both catalysts and carbon sources.…”

Section: Carbon Nanotubes (Cnts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processing and Applications of Aerosol‐Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Hou

Choy

2006

Chemical Vapor Deposition

223

173

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The aerosol‐assisted (AA) CVD method involves the atomization of a precursor solution into fine, sub‐micrometer‐sized aerosol droplets which are delivered to a heated reaction zone and undergo evaporation, decomposition, and homogeneous and/or heterogeneous chemical reactions to form the desired products. As a variant of conventional CVD processes, AACVD addresses the availability and delivery problems of the chemical precursors. A wide range of precursors can be used since volatility is no longer crucial, offering more possibilities to produce high‐quality CVD products at low cost. Some variants of AACVD have also been developed, such as AA combustion (C) CVD, electrostatic spray‐assisted vapor deposition (ESAVD), and electrostatic‐assisted aerosol jet deposition (EAAJD). These variants provide additional flexibility and capability to the AACVD‐based processes. AACVD‐based processes have attracted increasing interest in most of the CVD‐related areas, and have been widely used to synthesize various films, coatings, powders, composites, nanotubes and nanowires, etc. This review highlights the principles, applications, and recent progress of AACVD‐based processes.

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“…[11] Carrier gases are used to assist the generation of aerosol and transport the aerosol to the reaction zone.…”

Section: Atomization and Carrier Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carbon Nanotubes (Cnts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carbon Nanotubes (Cnts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processing and Applications of Aerosol‐Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Hou

Choy

2006

Chemical Vapor Deposition

223

173

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“…Direct doping during the synthesis opens a promising route for potential applications, such as field emission, gas sensor and negative differential resistance (NDR) devices [3,4,5,6,7]. In this context, multiwall nanotubes containing nitrogen dopants (CN x -MWNTs) have been successfully produced by different groups [8,9]. However, the as-grown CN x -MWNTs usually have a bamboolike structure involving a high density of defects, which complicates the investigation of nitrogen configurations and nitrogen-induced effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled study by TEM/EELS and STM/STS of electronic properties of C- and CNx-nanotubes

Lin

Repain

Girard

et al. 2011

Comptes Rendus. Physique

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Carbon nanotubes are the focus of considerable research efforts due to their fascinating physical properties. They provide an excellent model system for the study of one dimensional materials and molecular electronics. The chirality of nanotubes can lead to very different electronic behaviours, either metallic or semiconducting. Their electronic spectrum consists of a series of Van Hove singularities defining a bandgap for semiconducting tubes and molecular orbitals at the corresponding energies. A promising way to tune the nanotubes electronic properties for future applications is to use doping by heteroatoms. Here we report on experimental investigation of the role of many-body interactions in nanotube bandgaps, the visualization in direct space of the molecular orbitals of nanotubes and the properties of nitrogen doped nanotubes using scanning tunneling microscopy and transmission electron microscopy as well as electron energy loss spectroscopy. RésuméEtude couplée par TEM/EELS et STM/STS des propriétés structurales et électroniques des nanotubes C et CN x Les nanotubes de carbone sont l'objet d'importants efforts de recherche en raison de leurs fascinantes propriétés physiques. Ils constituent un système modèle particulièrement intéressant pour l'étude fondamentale de matériaux à une dimension et pour l'électronique moléculaire. En fonction de leur chiralité, les nanotubes peuvent adopter un comportement électronique soit semiconducteur soit métallique. Leur spectre électronique est dominé par une série de singularités de Van Hove qui définit la bande interdite des tubes semiconducteurs et les orbitales moléculaires situées à ces énergies. Pour contrôler et moduler les propriétés électroniques des nanotubes, une voie prometteuse est d'utiliser le dopage par des hétéroatomes. Les travaux présentés ici portent sur l'étude expérimentale de l'influence des interactions à N corps sur la valeur de la bande interdite des tubes semiconducteurs, la visualisation dans l'espace direct des orbitales moléculaires des nanotubes et les propriétés des nanotubes dopés par l'azote en utilisant des mesures de microscopie tunnel, microscopie électronique à balayage et spectroscopie de perte d'énergie des électrons.

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“…Moreover, AACVD technique is inexpensive, up-scalable for mass production of multi-wall CNTs. [5][6][7] In this work, we used a home-made aerosol system to synthesize long VACNTs with very high growth rates. After the optimization of floating-catalyst precursor, operation of a nebulizer, and CVD process parameters, we were able to grow VACNTs as long as 4.38 mm over large size substrates within 20 minutes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Ultra Long Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Arrays by Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Byeon

Kim²,

Koh³

et al. 2010

J. Nanosci. Nanotech.

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Using a home-made aerosol nebulizer, we developed a new aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) process that made it possible to synthesize vertically-aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays with heights over a few millimeters routinely. An essential part of this technique was in-situ formation of metal catalyst nanoparticles via pyrolysis of ferrocene-ethanol aerosol right before CNT synthesis. Through the optimization of aerosol supply and CVD process parameters, we were able to synthesize clean VACNT arrays as long as 4.38 mm with very low metal contents in 20 min. Furthermore, it is worthy noting that such an outstanding height is achieved very quickly without supporting materials and water-assistance. By taking advantage of almost complete inhibition of CNT growth on low melting-temperature metals, we were able to fabricate patterned VACNT arrays by combining AACVD process with a conventional photolithograpic patterning of gold lines. Characterizations of as-grown nanotubes such as morphology, purity, and metal contents are presented.

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Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nano-fibres using the aerosol method with metal-ions as the catalyst precursors

Cited by 34 publications

References 21 publications

Processing and Applications of Aerosol‐Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Processing and Applications of Aerosol‐Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Coupled study by TEM/EELS and STM/STS of electronic properties of C- and CNx-nanotubes

Growth of Ultra Long Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Arrays by Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

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