Synthesis of monodisperse poly(chloromethyl-styrene-co-divinylbenzene) beads and their application in separation of biopolymers

Abstract

The monodisperse, porous poly(chloromethylstyrene-co-divinylbenzene) beads of 7.9 microm were prepared by a single-step swelling and polymerization method. The seed particles prepared by dispersion polymerization exhibited good absorption of the monomer phase. Based on this media, a weak cation-exchange (WCX) stationary phase for HPLC was synthesized by a new chemically modified method. The prepared resin has advantages of biopolymer separation, high column efficiency, low column backpressure, high protein mass recovery, and good resolution for proteins. The dynamic protein-loading capacity of the synthesized WCX packings was 18.2 mg/g. Five proteins were separated in 3.0 min using the synthesized WCX stationary phase. The experimental results show that the obtained WCX resin has very weak hydrophobicity. The WCX resin was also used for the rapid separation and purification of lysozyme from egg white in 5.0 min with only one step. The purity and specific bioactivity of the purified lysozyme were found to be more than 93% and 70 245 U/mg, respectively.

Porous polymer particles—A comprehensive guide to synthesis, characterization, functionalization and applications

“…Since emulsion prepared seeds are generally in the submicron range, they are suitable for obtaining particles up to 10 µm in diameter after the suspension polymerization stage [68][69]. On the other hand, dispersion polymerized seeds can be in the range of 1-20 µm, thus 10-200 µm particles can be obtained in the suspension polymerization stage [70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79]. Note that a volume enlargement of 10 6 times would be needed for a 1 µm seed to be swollen by the new monomer(s) to 100 µm.…”

The outcomes of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization

“…Ogino et al15 reported a single step swelling and polymerization method in 1995 for preparing uniform styrene‐ co ‐divinylbenzene beads in the size range of 4.1–7.5 μm. Only one step swelling was used; polymer seed particles were swollen directly by a monomer and porogen mixture 16. This method makes preparation of monodisperse polymer particles easier.…”

Research progress in macroporous styrene-divinylbenzene co-polymer microspheres

“…Therefore, in order to produce macroporous St-DVB co-polymer microspheres, one of the key factors is selection of the inert diluent, namely the probe-forming agent which may be a single organic solvent such as toluene [54], n-heptane [54 -56], di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid [57], cyclohexanol [40] and dibutyl phthalate [46,47]; or be a mixture of two organic solvents, for example, n-heptane/toluene [54], di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphonic acid/isooctane [57], n-heptane/ tetraline [58] and cyclohexanol/touene [40].…”

“…Phase separation occurs between the co-polymers and the diluent during the co-polymerization, and the porosity of St-DVB microspheres can be observed after removal of the inert diluent. In this instance, the pore forming agents may be linear polystyrene or mixtures of linear polystyrene and solvating or nonsolvating diluent, such as dibutyl phthalate [46,47], n-hexane [59] and toluene [60,61]. By this technique, monodisperse macroporous St-DVB microspheres in the size range of 10 µm in diameter were produced using the polystyrene latex seeds of 8.7 µm in diameter [59].…”

“…However, in order to improve the properties and the types of macroporous St-DVB co-polymers, many diluent mixtures such as SOL/NONSOL [34,40,72], SOL/POLY [59] and NONSOL/POLY [46,47,73] have been reported in preparation of St-DVB co-polymers. In suspension polymerization, diluent mixtures composed of a poor and a good solvent are often applied to prepare St-DVB copolymers, and give an intermediate pore size.…”