Synthesis of Iron-Based Carbon Microspheres with Tobacco Waste Liquid and Waste Iron Residue for Cd(II) Removal from Water and Soil

Abstract

Herein, a novel magnetic iron-based carbon microsphere was prepared by cohydrothermal treatment of tobacco waste liquid (TWL) and waste iron residue (WIR) to form WIR@TWL. After that, WIR@TWL was coated with sodium polyacrylate (S.P.) to fabricate WIR@TWL@SP, whose removal efficiency for bivalent cadmium (Cd(II)) was studied in water and soil. As a result, WIR@ TWL@SP possessed a high Cd(II) removal efficiency, which could reach 98.5% within 2 h. The adsorption process was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model because of the higher value of adjusted R 2 (0.99). The thermodynamic data showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) and exothermic (ΔH°= 32.42 KJ•mol −1 > 0). Cd(II) removal mechanisms also include cation exchange, electrostatic attraction, hydrogen-bond interaction, and cation−π interaction. Notably, pot experiments demonstrated that WIR@TWL@SP could effectively reduce Cd absorption by plants in water and soil. Thus, this study offers an effective method for remediating Cd(II)-contaminated water and soil and may have a practical application value.

Highly Efficient Removal of Lead/Cadmium by Phosphoric Acid-Modified Hydrochar Prepared from Fresh Banana Peels: Adsorption Mechanisms and Environmental Application

“…Due to its simple process and eco-friendliness, adsorption has been a widely used method for treating Cd 2+ / Pb 2+ -polluted wastewater. 5 Nevertheless, traditional adsorbents (i.e., activated carbon and bio-adsorbents) have limited adsorption capacity, and most of them are expensive, which causes the restriction of their large-scale application. 4 Consequently, researchers are dedicated to developing new adsorbents, such as magnetic Fe 3 O 4 /H 2 SO 4 -activated Myrtus Communis leaves carbon, zeolite-based geopolymers, and porous three-dimensional polymerics, for removing these two metal ions from wastewater efficiently and economically.…”

“…Each approach has its superiorities and drawbacks. Due to its simple process and eco-friendliness, adsorption has been a widely used method for treating Cd 2+ /Pb 2+ -polluted wastewater . Nevertheless, traditional adsorbents (i.e., activated carbon and bio-adsorbents) have limited adsorption capacity, and most of them are expensive, which causes the restriction of their large-scale application .…”

Tobacco Waste Liquid-Based Organic Fertilizer Particle for Controlled-Release Fulvic Acid and Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Soil

“…For example, TWL was used to fabricate organic-inorganic compound fertilizer which had the property of water retention, insect pest prevention, and healthy plant growth [11]. TWL could also be converted into hydrochar through the hydrothermal carbonization method and used to remove Cd(II) [12]. However, its application still has certain limitations.…”