Synthesis of In2S3 thin films directly onto conductive substrates via PVP-assisted microwave irradiation method

A facile synthesis of highly efficient In2S3 photocatalysts for the removal of cationic dyes with size-dependent photocatalysis

“…The diffraction peaks at 2 θ = 27.4°, 33.2°, 43.6° and 47.7° matched with (109), (0012), (1015) and (2212) crystal planes of tetragonal β-In 2 S 3 ( a = b = 7.619 A, c = 32.329 A, JCPDS PCPDFWIN #25-0390), respectively. 7,19 With the reaction time prolonging, the full-width half maximum (FWHM) of (2212) peak decreased (FWHM = 2.5°, 2.2° and 1.5° for In 2 S 3 -5, In 2 S 3 -10, and In 2 S 3 -15, respectively), implying that the average size of In 2 S 3 increased. Additionally, the appearance of the sharper peaks in large-sized In 2 S 3 indicated better crystallinity of the products.…”

“…Aer more and more nanoakes were formed, they tended to aggregate into hierarchical clusters as the microwave reaction promoted to three-dimensional growth of the products. 19 3.2 Characterization 3.2.1 Morphologies, structures, and composition. Fig.…”

“…18 The extremely fierce reaction driven by microwave energy contributed to the advantageous three-dimensional growth of the product. 19 Thus, products tend to aggregate into hierarchical clusters with more uniform size distribution and more complete crystal morphology. By changing the reaction parameters, such as temperature, time, or microwave power, the size and morphology can be adjusted easily to obtain the controllable preparation of the photocatalysts with excellent surface properties for high photocatalysis.…”

“…By changing the reaction parameters, such as temperature, time, or microwave power, the size and morphology can be adjusted easily to obtain the controllable preparation of the photocatalysts with excellent surface properties for high photocatalysis. Previously, preparation of In 2 S 3 nanoflowers by PVP-assisted microwave irradiation method, 19 dandelion flower-like In 2 S 3 by the microwave solvothermal method 20 and dendrites-type In 2 S 3 by the microwave irradiation method under nitrogen atmosphere 21 have been reported. In these reactions, long-chained surfactants, high reaction temperature, or complicated process are needed, resulting in the following disadvantages inevitably.…”