Synthesis ofβ-Oxopropylcarbamates Catalyzed by ZnO/Ionic Liquids under Atmospheric CO₂

Abstract

Carbamate compounds exhibit a broad applicable scope in medicine, pesticide, resin modification, fabric finishing and organic synthesis. A methodology using ZnO/ionic liquids as the catalyst for the three-component coupling reactions of carbon dioxide (CO2), secondary amines and propargylic alcohols to produce various β-oxopropylcarbamates was developed. This catalytic system exhibited robust recyclability and broad substrate scope. Moreover, it showed considerable catalytic activity under atmospheric CO2, indicating its potential in carbon capture and utilization processes. Keywords carbon dioxide; β-oxopropylcarbamate; ionic liquid; zinc oxide; three component reaction 自工业革命后, 化石能源的大量燃烧导致大气中的 二氧化碳(CO 2 )浓度不断升高. 近半个多世纪以来, CO 2 浓度升高的趋势进一步加快, 有数据显示, 2021 年 4 月 大气中 CO 2 含量高达 419 cm 3 /m 3 , 已经逼近极限值(450 cm 3 /m 3 ), 因此如何降低大气中 CO 2 浓度并高效利用和 转化 CO 2 已成为人类亟待解决的共同课题 [1][2] . CO 2 同时 也是一种价格低廉、无毒无害、含量丰富且易得可再生 的 C1 资源, 将 CO 2 转化为高附加值的精细化学产品引 起了人们的广泛关注 [3][4][5][6] .