Layered nanomaterials such as layered double hydroxides, aluminosilicate clays and layered titanates possess unique physico-chemical properties originated from their characteristic 2-dimensional properties. They can not only accommodate various chemical substances utilizing their surface and interlayer spaces but also modify their structure through intercalation of functional molecules. In this review, we are going to demonstrate the strategies and research results on how layered nanomaterials are utilized in the environmental application such as remediation of water, air and soil purification through adsorption and catalytic decomposition routes.