Synthesis of hollow tin dioxide and its improvement of flame retardancy and toughness on poly(vinyl chloride)

Hu, Weidong; Wu, Jing; Jiao, Yunhong; Xie, Jixing; Chen, Jinjie; Xu, Jianzhong

doi:10.1177/0734904118815056

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…On the other hand, PVC produces a lot of black smoke when it burns 4,5 . This black smoke could not only cause people to coma due to suffocation or poisoning but also obscure vision, preventing people from escaping 6,7 . Therefore, the combustion study of rigid PVC should focus on improving its smoke suppression properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of polycarbonate‐polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer and two commercial toughening agents on the flame retardancy and smoke emission of rigid polyvinyl chloride

Wang

Zhang

Xu³

et al. 2023

Journal of Polymer Science

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In this work, different test methods were used to investigate the flame retardancy and smoke emission of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) toughened with polycarbonate‐polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer (PC‐b‐PDMS) and two other commercial toughening agents. The oxygen index result and heat release curves in the cone calorimetry test showed that toughened PVC has reduced flame retardancy compared to unmodified PVC. However, the vertical combustion test showed that all samples have achieved the highest flame retardant rating, indicating that the flame resistance of these toughened PVC is still adequate for use. In terms of smoke emission, the results of the cone calorimetry test and the smoke density test showed a significant difference. In the smoke density test, it was found that PVC toughened with PC‐b‐PDMS has less smoke generation in the early stage of combustion. In the cone calorimetry test, the total smoke production was lower for PVC and significantly higher for toughened PVC. This difference was mainly due to the different test conditions of these two tests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of polycarbonate‐polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer and two commercial toughening agents on the flame retardancy and smoke emission of rigid polyvinyl chloride

Wang

Zhang

Xu³

et al. 2023

Journal of Polymer Science

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Effect of partial replacement of antimony trioxide with zinc borate and stannic oxide on the flame retardancy of flexible PVC films

Zhang,

Qian,

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Replacing antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) with an environmentally friendly alternative is of great scientific and commercial value for studying the flame retardant properties of flexible PVC (fPVC) films in automotive interior materials. This study develops flame retardant fPVC films with reduced Sb2O3 content by introducing stannic oxide (SnO2) and zinc borate (ZB). The results indicate that the fPVC film with ZB partially replacing Sb2O3 exhibits superior flame retardancy and smoke suppression compared to the product containing SnO2. The peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), and total smoke release (TSR) of 2ZB/2Sb2O3 fPVC film are reduced by 32.1%, 27.5%, and 22.1%, respectively, compared to that of 4Sb2O3 contained fPVC film. The increase in flame retardancy is attributed to the presence of ZB, which compensates for the deficiency of char formation ability of Sb2O3 in the condensed phase. The PHRR and THR of 2SnO2/2Sb2O3 fPVC film decrease by 27% and 12.5%, respectively, compared to that of 4Sb2O3 fPVC film, while the TSR increases by 16.5%. This study develops a straightforward approach to creating a flame retardant fPVC film that is suitable for the latest industrial application in automotive interior materials.

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Nanoporous carbon doped with metal oxide microsphere as renewable flame retardant for integrating high flame retardancy and antibacterial properties of thermoplastic polymer composites

Attia

2023

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Innovative, renewable and cost-effective porous composites were developed for integrating high fire safety and antibacterial properties for thermoplastic polymers. Sustainable porous carbon sheets were developed from plum stones as fruits-by-products via single carbonization step affording dual environmental and economic benefits. The as-developed porous carbon own specific surface area of 165 m2 g−1 which is characteristic of mesoporous feature of an average mesopore size of 2.1 nm, in addition to naturally doped nitrogen species. The obtained porous carbons sheets were dispersed in different mass loadings in to polystyrene matrix-producing polymer composites. Interestingly, SnO2 microsphere of an average size of 2 µm was synthesized on the surface of developed porous carbon sheets producing new porous composites. The new composites were elucidated using XRD, FT-IR and SEM–EDS. Then, the developed composites were dispersed in polystyrene. The mass loadings were altered and studied. The progress in fire safety, thermal stability and antibacterial properties for developed polymer composites was studied. The flame retardancy of the new composites was significantly improved achieving rate of burning of 20.5 mm min−1 compared to 46.5 mm min−1 for blank polymer. This superior flame retardancy was corroborated by recording LOI value of 24.5% compared to 18% for virgin polymer. This attained flame retardancy was ascribed to the synergistic effect between porous carbon sheets contained nitrogen and SnO2 microsphere. The new composites afford promising inhibition for bacterial growth achieving clear antibacterial inhibition zone of 11 mm compared to zero for blank sample. The flame retardancy action was studied and elucidated.

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Synthesis of hollow tin dioxide and its improvement of flame retardancy and toughness on poly(vinyl chloride)

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of polycarbonate‐polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer and two commercial toughening agents on the flame retardancy and smoke emission of rigid polyvinyl chloride

Effect of polycarbonate‐polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer and two commercial toughening agents on the flame retardancy and smoke emission of rigid polyvinyl chloride

Effect of partial replacement of antimony trioxide with zinc borate and stannic oxide on the flame retardancy of flexible PVC films

Nanoporous carbon doped with metal oxide microsphere as renewable flame retardant for integrating high flame retardancy and antibacterial properties of thermoplastic polymer composites

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