Synthesis of high density arrays of nanoscaled gridded field emitters based on anodic alumina

Li, Y.; Holland, E.R.; Wilshaw, Peter R.

doi:10.1116/1.591314

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…To decrease grain boundaries and to increase the size of crystalline grains in the Al specimen, we annealed the specimen for 1 hr at 550°C in a furnace in air. To diminish surface roughness, we performed electropolishing (EP) in a solution consisting of 15% perchloric acid (HClO 4 , 70%), 70% ethanol (99.5%), and 15% butyl cellosolve (CH 3 (CH 2 ) 3 OCH 2 CH 2 OH, 85%), with stirring for 6 min at 12°C at an applied voltage 32 V. 14,15 The flat Al surface was formed after EP and the specimen was ready for further treatments to prepare the anodized aluminum oxide substrates described as follows.…”

Section: Preparation Of Aao Nanotubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregation of Zinc Protoporphyrin in Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Nanoporous Environments

Lin¹,

Chen²,

Chen³

et al. 2006

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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The aggregation behavior of zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) inside nanoporous environments of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) has been investigated through observation of the variation of UV/visible absorption and emission spectra of the system. The Soret band in the absorption spectrum of ZnPP/AAO thin-film samples becomes much broader than that observed for ZnPP/THF solutions, and the relative intensity of the Q band is distinctly enhanced for the former. The broad Soret band overlaps the enhanced Q band increasingly as the degree of aggregation increases with increasing duration of immersion, with initial concentration of ZnPP/THF solutions, or with decreasing pore size of AAO nanotubes. A strong excitonic coupling between the Soret and Q transition dipoles causes the absorption spectrum of the ZnPP/AAO system to cover the entire visible spectral region. Emission spectra of ZnPP/AAO samples in the steady state contain multiple resolvable components assigned to monomer, dimer and higher aggregates. The observed systematic variation of emission spectra of ZnPP/AAO samples is consistent with the observation in absorption spectra of the system and reflects the significance of aggregation of ZnPP in a specific nanoporous environment.

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Section: Preparation Of Aao Nanotubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregation of Zinc Protoporphyrin in Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Nanoporous Environments

Lin¹,

Chen²,

Chen³

et al. 2006

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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“…Free standing nanoporous alumina membranes are then used for nanostructure synthesis. However, membranes fabricated this way are fragile and are thus difficult to integrate to any functional device structure [20]. For metallic nanowire synthesis using electrodeposition in alumina templates another alternative is to only thin down the barrier layer and electrodeposition is facilitated though the barrier layer [9,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of patterned and nonpatterned copper and nickel nanowire arrays on silicon substrate

Sharma

Kripesh

Sim

et al. 2007

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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“…During anodization of the patterned surfaces, the anodization barrier prevents anodization in the patterned areas while the oxide grows in the unpatterned areas. In addition, it also addresses the fragility problem [17] of AAO membranes due to the presence of aluminum metal that serves as the robust support for nanopore channel arrays. These nanopore channel arrays can then be integrated into microfabricated devices with less fragility problem.…”

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confidence: 98%

Growth of Patterned Nanopore Arrays of Anodic Aluminum Oxide

Yan

Barela

et al. 2003

Advanced Materials

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Anodized aluminum has recently attracted much attention because of its interesting pore structure.[1] The pore structure is a self-ordered hexagonal array of cells with cylindrical pores of variable sizes with diameters of 25±250 nm and with depths exceeding 100 lm depending on the anodizing conditions employed. It can be fabricated through electrochemical anodization of aluminum in various acidic electrolytes, [2±4] and has been demonstrated to provide the basis for an inexpensive, highthroughput fabrication of nanostructures. These properties make anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) a desirable material for many applications, which include microfabricated fluidic devices, [5] quantum-dot arrays, [6±9] magnetic memory arrays, [10] high-aspect-ratio microelectro-mechanical systems, [11] and photonic crystals.[12] The applications of AAO films that have been explored also include template growth of nanotubes, nanowires, creation of nanoholes, nanodots, and nanopillars.[13±15]The ability to pattern porous films is important for a number of technological applications, including sensor arrays, catalysis, optics, and microfluidic devices. Doshi et al. have developed a novel method for patterning mesoporous silica films by employing photosensitive groups.[16] The pore sizes available in such materials are in the range of 2±5 nm, which are small compared to those achievable through anodization of aluminum. Development of patterned AAO membranes, which exhibit high aspect ratio microstructure, is more challenging and the most promising approach for the above mentioned applications. It can be achieved by patterning the aluminum surfaces with an anodization barrier prior to anodization. During anodization of the patterned surfaces, the anodization barrier prevents anodization in the patterned areas while the oxide grows in the unpatterned areas. In addition, it also addresses the fragility problem [17] of AAO membranes due to the presence of aluminum metal that serves as the robust support for nanopore channel arrays. These nanopore channel arrays can then be integrated into microfabricated devices with less fragility problem. Huang et al. [18] have reported the first anodization barrier of poly(methylmethacrylate) deposited on aluminum films. Due to the penetration of the electrolyte through this polymeric layer, the underlying surface was partially anodized to form AAO up to 10 nm deep. In addition, the procedure requires optical lithography, polymer nanoprinting, ionbeam exposure, and milling. Recently, Sun and Kim have reported the formation of alumina nanopore arrays on holographically patterned aluminum films.[19] They patterned aluminum films by using holographic lithography process on silica substrate and anodized the aluminum to get the pores. The pores are not circular and ordered and the pore channels and non-porous substrate are not an integral part of the material. Li et al. [20] and Bae et al. [21] have adopted an indirect method for preparing patterned AAO. First they prepared ordered AAO and patterned the porous ...

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Synthesis of high density arrays of nanoscaled gridded field emitters based on anodic alumina

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Aggregation of Zinc Protoporphyrin in Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Nanoporous Environments

Aggregation of Zinc Protoporphyrin in Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Nanoporous Environments

Synthesis and characterization of patterned and nonpatterned copper and nickel nanowire arrays on silicon substrate

Growth of Patterned Nanopore Arrays of Anodic Aluminum Oxide

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