Synthesis of Fluoroquinolones Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents

Swellmeen, Lubna; Uzrail, Amal; Shahin, Rand; Al‐Hiari, Yusuf

doi:10.13005/ojc/350401

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Then the mixture was cooled at room temperature and was acidified to 7 pH with dilute acetic acid. [2] The obtained precipitate was washed with water and dried. Then it was recrystalized using ethanol and DMF.…”

Section: General Methods Of Synthesis-gould-jacobs Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] But the necessity for developing new antimicrobials has grown in light of the rise in antimicrobial resistance over the past several years and the numerous deaths brought on by the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains. [2] The microbes infiltrate our tissues by destroying cellular processes. They exude toxins that harm the cells of the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluoroquinolones: Action, Synthesis and Applications in Antimicrobial Therapy

Bansal,

Singh,

Gupta

et al. 2024

IJRASET

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In the late nineteenth century, diseases were assumed to be linked to the presence of microbes. The mortality rate dropped after the antiseptic approach was used. Good cleanliness and sanitation helped to drastically cut the death rate from infectious diseases. Antimicrobials were produced, and numerous pathogenic diseases were eradicated. Essential antibacterial drugs that are frequently utilized in clinical therapies include fluoroquinolones. Their synthetic pathway, action and therapeutic uses are described in this review. Their primary mechanism of action is the inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential enzymes involved in transcription and DNA replication. Fluorination is one of the important structural change that improves their efficacy and spectrum of activity against a variety of infections. To enhance pharmacokinetics, substituent modification, fluorination, and cyclization of heterocycles are used in synthesis. Advances in synthetic chemistry have produced compounds that exhibit increased activity and decreased resistance. Clinical applications include treating respiratory, urinary tract, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal diseases. These drugs also show activity like antitumor, wound healing, antimycobacterial, etc. This review aims to provide researchers and academicians a brief account about the bacterial action, synthesis and clinical applications in antimicrobial therapy.

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Section: General Methods Of Synthesis-gould-jacobs Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoroquinolones: Action, Synthesis and Applications in Antimicrobial Therapy

Bansal,

Singh,

Gupta

et al. 2024

IJRASET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sweelmeen et al (2019) synthesized a novel derivative with antimicrobial potential (7-chloro-1-alkyl-6-fluoro-8-nitro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid). This compound has been shown to be active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae [ 268 ]. In a review article, Zhang Bo (2014) highlighted different series of QN derivatives with antifungal potential in terms of structure-activity relationship: 2-quinolone, 4-quinolone, and FQN derivatives and FQN-metal complexes [ 263 ].…”

Section: Compounds In Development Based On Antibacterial Qns Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of the Millennial Antibacterial (Fluoro)Quinolones—Shaping the Fifth Generation

et al. 2021

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The evolution of the class of antibacterial quinolones includes the introduction in therapy of highly successful compounds. Although many representatives were withdrawn due to severe adverse reactions, a few representatives have proven their therapeutical value over time. The classification of antibacterial quinolones into generations is a valuable tool for physicians, pharmacists, and researchers. In addition, the transition from one generation to another has brought new representatives with improved properties. In the last two decades, several representatives of antibacterial quinolones received approval for therapy. This review sets out to chronologically outline the group of approved antibacterial quinolones since 2000. Special attention is given to eight representatives: besifloxacin, delafoxacin, finafloxacin, lascufloxacin, nadifloxacin and levonadifloxacin, nemonoxacin, and zabofloxacin. These compounds have been characterized regarding physicochemical properties, formulations, antibacterial activity spectrum and advantageous structural characteristics related to antibacterial efficiency. At present these new compounds (with the exception of nadifloxacin) are reported differently, most often in the fourth generation and less frequently in a new generation (the fifth). Although these new compounds’ mechanism does not contain essential new elements, the question of shaping a new generation (the fifth) arises, based on higher potency and broad spectrum of activity, including resistant bacterial strains. The functional groups that ensured the biological activity, good pharmacokinetic properties and a safety profile were highlighted. In addition, these new representatives have a low risk of determining bacterial resistance. Several positive aspects are added to the fourth fluoroquinolones generation, characteristics that can be the basis of the fifth generation. Antibacterial quinolones class continues to acquire new compounds with antibacterial potential, among other effects. Numerous derivatives, hybrids or conjugates are currently in various stages of research.

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The antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives: An update (2018–2021)

Jia

Zhao

2021

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

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Synthesis of Fluoroquinolones Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Fluoroquinolones: Action, Synthesis and Applications in Antimicrobial Therapy

Fluoroquinolones: Action, Synthesis and Applications in Antimicrobial Therapy

Structural Characterization of the Millennial Antibacterial (Fluoro)Quinolones—Shaping the Fifth Generation

The antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives: An update (2018–2021)

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