Synthesis of Ferrite Nickel Nano-particles and Its Role as a p-Dopant in the Improvement of Hole Injection of an Organic Light-Emitting Diode

Tetramer bis‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) Zinc Crystals Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition Method

“…Relative to that of the ZnQ 2 powder, the stretching vibrations at 391 cm −1 of Zn‐O and Zn‐N in the FTIR spectra of the crystals are slightly shifted to 389 cm −1 . New peaks at 405 and 411 cm −1 associated with Zn ions are found in the FTIR spectra of the crystals, indicating a new stretching vibration of Zn ions in the crystals . This result is consistent with the XSCD result that new oxo‐bridging structure are formed during the transformation from ZnO 2 to tetramer (ZnQ 2 ) 4 .…”

“…In the range of 600–1600 cm −1 that the vibrational modes of the quinolinate ligands are mainly included, the vibrational peaks of the crystals have small changes with respect to that of ZnQ 2 powder. The vibrations at 644, 732 and 786 cm −1 have slightly shift or splitting which are due to in‐plane ring deformations . The quinoline's characteristic stretching vibrations peaks (1574, 1386 and 1322 cm −1 ) and the stretching vibrations peaks of pyridyl and phenyl (1496 and 1459 cm −1 ) have slightly shift, this can be attributed to the changes of bond length and bond angle due to a slight distortion of the quinoline ring in the tetramer (ZnQ 2 ) 4 .…”

“…The vibrations at 644, 732 and 786 cm −1 have slightly shift or splitting which are due to in‐plane ring deformations . The quinoline's characteristic stretching vibrations peaks (1574, 1386 and 1322 cm −1 ) and the stretching vibrations peaks of pyridyl and phenyl (1496 and 1459 cm −1 ) have slightly shift, this can be attributed to the changes of bond length and bond angle due to a slight distortion of the quinoline ring in the tetramer (ZnQ 2 ) 4 . The peak at 856 cm −1 slightly shifts due to the C‐H waging change .…”