Synthesis of Fe3O4/Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids and their applications as antimicrobial and antifibrotic agents

Abstract

To date, the search for creating stable ferrofluids with excellent properties for biomedical application is one of the challenging scientific and practical investigations. In this study, novel Fe 3 O 4 /Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids from iron sand were synthesized using a double-layer method. The Fe 3 O 4 /Ag nanocomposites exhibited stable crystallite sizes of 11.8 12.1 nm and 36.8-37.2 nm for Fe 3 O 4 and Ag, respectively. The lattice parameters of the spinel structure Fe 3 O 4 and face-centered cubic Ag were respectively 8.344 Å and 4.091 Å. With increasing Ag amount, the crystallite phase of Ag in the nanocomposites increased from 40.2% to 77.2%. The XPS results confirmed that Fe 3 O 4 /Ag nanocomposites were successfully prepared, where Fe 3 O 4 mixed well with Ag via strong ionic bonding. The FTIR results confirmed the presence of Fe 3 O 4 /Ag, oleic acid, and dimethyl sulfoxide as the filler, first layer, and second layer, respectively. The as-prepared ferrofluids exhibited superparamagnetic behavior, where the saturation magnetization decreased with increasing Ag content. The Fe 3 O 4 /Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids exhibited excellent antimicrobial performance against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. More importantly, the Fe 3 O 4 /Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids decreased the progression of liver fibrosisrelated inflammation and fibrogenic activity on hepatic stellate cells.

High antibacterial activity of new eco‐friendly and biocompatible polyurethane nanocomposites based on Fe3O4/Ag and starch moieties

“…[ 86 ] Taufiq et al synthesized Fe 3 O 4 /Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids and investigated their applications as antimicrobial and antifibrotic agents. [ 87 ] They explained that NPs more easily penetrate microbial pores and in the ferrofluid system, the Fe 3 O 4 /Ag more easily disrupts cellular construction.…”

Crafting a Next-Generation Device Using Iron Oxide Thin Film: A Review

“…This section discusses the application of iron oxide in the field of biomedicine, as the majority of iron oxide is nontoxic and biocompatible. , Also, because of their fascinating magnetic properties, thin films of iron oxide have recently gained popularity. Magnetite Fe 3 O 4 is a semimetallic material that is naturally highly spin polarized, making it ideal for tunneling magnetoresistance device applications.…”

“…Iron oxide thin films could be used in biomedical applications such as next-generation wearable or implanted sensors for biomarker and health monitoring. , Hematite, for example, has been used as a biomarker in Parkinson’s disease. , On the other hand, one of the most advantageous properties of iron oxide for medical applications is its super-paramagnetic nature, which enables it to be used for drug delivery or magnetic hyperthermia. However, super-paramagnetic behavior is most frequently observed when iron oxides are formed as nanoparticles. , Super-paramagnetism is difficult to observe in thin films due to the formation of the long-range ordered spin interaction that results in ferromagnetic ordering . But a report has successfully shown Fe 3 O 4 textured thin film grown by ALD having super-paramagnetic behavior …”

“…However, super-paramagnetic behavior is most frequently observed when iron oxides are formed as nanoparticles. 1,200 Super-paramagnetism is difficult to observe in thin films due to the formation of the long-range ordered spin interaction that results in ferromagnetic ordering. 40 But a report has successfully shown Fe 3 O 4 textured thin film grown by ALD having superparamagnetic behavior.…”

Study of Magnetic Properties and Relaxation Time of Nanoparticle Fe3O4-SiO2

“…In the bulk state, the Fe 2 O 3 material has antiferromagnetic and weak ferromagnetism properties in a certain temperature range, while the Fe 3 O 4 material has ferrimagnetic properties in the entire temperature range [1]. Fe 3 O 4 is a material that has widely attracted attention to be studied, especially for several applications, such as in ferrofluids [2], magnetic refrigeration, the detoxification of biological fluids, and the magnetically controlled transport of anticancer drugs [3,4]. This material is still open and exciting to study, especially at the nano size.…”