Synthesis of epichlorohydrin from 1,3‐dichlorohydrin with solid catalysts using γ‐Al₂O₃ as carrier material

Abstract

Alkaline earth metal‐based catalysts applied in the process of dichlorohydrin cyclization into epichlorohydrin were studied. A series of solid catalysts were prepared by the equivalent‐volume impregnation method using γ‐Al2O3 as a carrier, whereas nitrates and chlorides of the three alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca, and Ba) were employed as precursors. Their catalytic performance was investigated and compared, taking into account the main factors influencing the catalytic efficiency, such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption–desorption, energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) coupled with TEM, and CO2 temperature‐programmed desorption (CO2‐TPD). The results have shown that the specific surface area and the number of active base sites are the main factors that are affecting the catalytic efficiency. Among the series of as‐prepared catalysts, 10BaO/γ‐Al2O3 had improved catalytic performance. Based on the obtained results for the characterization of catalysts, the increased catalytic activity could be mainly attributed to the increase in base strength resulting from BaO loading onto the surface of γ‐Al2O3. Under optimized conditions, 98.4% conversion of 1,3‐DCH and approximately 90% of ECH selectivity were achieved using 10BaO/γ‐Al2O3 with a reaction temperature of 270°C. During the reaction process, the catalytic activity of 10BaO/γ‐Al2O3 remained consistently high, and its catalytic stability was excellent.

Preparation and Uses of Chlorinated Glycerol Derivatives

“…Alternatively, solid catalysts were prepared by the equivalent-volume impregnation method, using γ-Al 2 O 3 as a carrier, whereas nitrates and chlorides of the three alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca and Ba) were employed as precursors. Under optimized conditions, a 90% yield was achieved by using 10BaO/γ-Al 2 O 3 at 270 • C [101]. Chemical reactions can provide ECH with yields up to 99%, a value slightly higher than the best yield obtained using HHDH+HE [91].…”

The Lord of the Chemical Rings: Catalytic Synthesis of Important Industrial Epoxide Compounds

“…Zhang et al [153] have investigated the catalytic performance of alkaline earth metal nitrate/γ-Al 2 O 3 and alkaline earth metal chloride/γ-Al 2 O 3 for the cyclization of DCH to ECH. By investigating the effect of nitrate as a precursor on the reaction, 10BaO/γ-Al 2 O 3 has a better catalytic performance.…”

Membrane-Free Electrosynthesis of Epichlorohydrins Mediated by Bromine Radicals over Nanotips

“…Massive Cl-containing residues cause serious waste pollution that requires complicated treatments . Moreover, excessive lime milk (Ca­(OH) 2 ) is usually used as a basic chemical in the saponification step of dichlorohydrin, resulting in the undesirable CaCl 2 byproduct . Thus, exploring a simple, green, and efficient alternative method for the room-temperature production of ECH is highly desirable.…”