Synthesis of divalent europium and ytterbium halides in liquid ammonia

Oxidation of europium with ammonium perfluorocarboxylates in liquid ammonia: pathways to europium(ii) carboxylates and hexanuclear europium(iii) fluoridocarboxylate complexes

“…The stabilizing effect of liquid ammonia as a reaction medium on Eu 2+ ions has been known for decades 22 and has been used, for example, in the synthesis of Eu(C 5 H 5 ) 2 , 23 Eu(PH 2 ) 2 , 24 Eu(NH 2 ) 2 , 25 and of unsolvated europium( ii ) halides. 26…”

“…The stabilizing effect of liquid ammonia as a reaction medium on Eu 2+ ions has been known for decades 22 and has been used, for example, in the synthesis of Eu(C 5 H 5 ) 2 , 23 Eu(PH 2 ) 2 , 24 Eu(NH 2 ) 2 , 25 and of unsolvated europium(II) halides. 26 It was reasonable to assume that liquid ammonia might also be a suitable solvent for the synthesis of unsolvated europium(II) trifluoroacetate, which is not yet known. In fact, the addition of ammonium trifluoroacetate to the blue solutions of europium in liquid ammonia results in the precipitation of a yellow solid.…”

EuI2, a low-temperature europium(II) iodide phase

“…All manipulations were performed under a clean argon atmosphere. Europium(II) iodide was prepared according to the literature procedure of Howell & Pytlewski (1969) by dissolving two equivalents of oven-dried ammonium iodide in liquid ammonia in a Schlenk flask cooled by an ethanol-dry-ice mixture. The ammonia was condensed through a cooling finger placed on the Schlenk flask.…”

Lower Oxidation States of f Elements: III. Properties of Low-Valence Lanthanide and Actinide Compounds in the Solid State and in Various Solvents

“…Dissolution of Eu and Yb metals in liquid ammonia yields solutions containing Eu 2+ and Yb 2+ cations and solvated electrons; samarium under similar conditions does not form Sm 2+ [77,78]. This difference is due to the fact that Eu and Yb exist in the metal phase in the bivalent state, and Sm, in the trivalent state [79].…”