Selenium-labelled macromolecules can be effectively analyzed by X-ray crystallography due to the phenomenon of multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD). The originally developed nucleoside 2-selena-1,3,2-oxathiaphospholane derivatives allow for synthesis of fully modified, stereodefined oligomers (up to approximately 15-mers) with any combination of internucleotide phosphoroselenoate linkages of R P or S P absolute configuration as well as unmodified phosphate bonds, which, in general, cannot be achieved using enzymatic methods.