Synthesis of dendritic polyether surfactants for demulsification

Wang, Jun; Hu, Fenglian; Li, Cuiqin; Li, Jie; Yang, Yajiang

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2010.04.021

Cited by 72 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…On the other hand, CMC data for a group of copolymers with alike hydrophobic block but hydrophilic block of different size reveal an increase in CMC with increasing number of EO segments. In another report, it has been noted that the increase of initiator to PPO in dendritic polyether surfactants with unchanged EO content elevated their CMC, indicating that the efficiency of decreasing surface tension reduced with the increase of initiator to PPO[104].…”

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confidence: 93%

Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry

Zolfaghari

Fakhru’l‐Razi

Abdullah

et al. 2016

Separation and Purification Technology

533

255

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The difficulties associated with transportation and refining of crude oil emulsions as well as produced water discharge limitations are among the conspicuous clues that have led the oilfield researchers to probe into practical demulsification methods for many decades.Inconsistent research outcomes observed in the literature for a particular demulsification method of a typical emulsion (i.e., water-in-oil or oil-in-water) arise not only from the varied influential parameters associated (such as salinity, temperature, pH, dispersed phase content, emulsifier/demulsifier concentration, droplet size, etc.), but also from the diverse types of emulsion constituents (namely oil, surfactant, salt, alkali, polymer, fine solids, and/or other chemicals/impurities). Being the main component in formation of stabilizing interfacial film surrounding the dispersed phase droplets, surfactant is the most predominant contributor to emulsion stability, extent of which depends on its nature (being ionic or nonionic, and its degree of hydrophilicity/lipophilicity), concentration and interaction with other surface-active agents in the emulsion, as well as on the salinity, temperature, and pH of the system. In this paper, it is endeavored to overview some of the most commonly exploited demulsification techniques (i.e., chemical, biological, membrane, electrical, and microwave irradiation) on both the oilfield and synthetic emulsions, taking into account the emulsion-stabilizing anddestabilizing effects with regard to the dominant parameters plus the emulsion composition.Further, the variations occurring in interfacial properties of emulsions by demulsification process are discussed. Finally, the mechanism(s) involved in emulsions resolution achieved by each method is elucidated. Clearly, the most efficient demulsification approach is the one able to attain desirable separation efficiency while complying with the environmental regulations and imposing the least economic burden on the petroleum industry.

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mentioning

confidence: 93%

Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry

Zolfaghari

Fakhru’l‐Razi

Abdullah

et al. 2016

Separation and Purification Technology

533

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…High efficiency demulsification of oil-water emulsions through various strategies is therefore of significant importance for petroleum industry. Till now, the demulsification of W/O emulsions has been considerably investigated and can be successfully realized by adding several types of chemical demulsifiers such as PAMAM-polyether [5], ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer [6], silicone surfactant [7], ethylcellulose polymer [8], alkoxylated alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin [9], and ionic liquid [10]. In contrast, the O/W emulsion has been one of worldwide challenges because of its increasing production from the oilfields and the serious contaminations resulted from oily wastewater [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recyclable magnetic graphene oxide for rapid and efficient demulsification of crude oil-in-water emulsion

Liu

Wang

et al. 2017

Fuel

138

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h i g h l i g h t sThe M-GO was a high efficiency demulsifier which could be reused for 6-7 times. The non-covalent interaction analysis proved that p-p and r-p interactions between GO materials and asphaltene molecules are the major driven forces for demulsification. Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets have been experimentally proved to be a highly efficiency, rapid and universal demulsifier to break up the crude oil-in-water emulsion and/or the emulsified oily waste water in our previous study. To recycle the GO nanosheets and avoid the possible contamination of GO for crude oil, in this work, the magnetic graphene oxide (M-GO) was successfully synthesized and used for separating oil/water emulsions. Demulsification tests indicated that M-GO could separate the oil/water emulsions within a few minutes and recycle 6-7 times without losing its demulsification capability. The residual oil content in the separated water was as low as $10 mg/L, corresponding to a demulsification efficiency of 99.98% at an optimal dosage. Quantum chemical calculation results indicated that the p-p/r-p interactions between GO materials and asphaltene molecules are the major driven forces for the high demulsification performance of M-GO nanosheets. This work not only provides a promising demulsifies to demulsify the crude oil-in-water emulsion or the oily wastewater but also give a deep understanding on the intrinsic interaction between demulsifiers and asphaltenes.

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“…Various studies have shown that successful metal recovery with chemical demulsification [63][64][65]. Sometimes combinations of chemical and physical approaches are necessary for successful demulsification to take place [59].…”

Section: Types Of Elm Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-Review on the Use of Liquid Membranes in the Extraction of Platinum Group Metals from Mining and Metal Refinery Wastewaters/Side-Streams

Moyo¹

2014

J Bioremed Biodeg

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The current mini-review focuses on the use of liquid membranes in the platinum group metal (PGM/PGMs) extraction from various types of wastewaters to prevent environmental pollution; and for the metal recovery to address the scarcity of the PGMs in the industrial cycles. The bulk liquid membranes have been used to the extracted PGMs from the (acidic) aqueous media with recoveries of up to 96.3 ± 2.5% of the original PGM amount. The extraction time generally ranges from 2 to 24 hours. The bulk membrane liquid in the PGM extraction will depend on the covalent structure of the extractant, the feed phase PGM concentration and the complex of the PGM in question that is actually extracted from the aqueous environment. The advantages of this type of liquid membrane include its operational simplicity, but the disadvantages include limited possibility to improve the extraction performance of the system. Literature data are encouraging as they indicate that extraction of PGMs from mining and metal-refinery side-streams does not suffer from interference from metal contaminants that are commonly found in the mining and metal refinery side-streams, e.g. iron. Thus further research should focus on the application of ELM to extraction of PGMs from said wastewaters and major research drive should focus on the use of the Taylorvortex column and the non-Newtonian ELMs. With the supported liquid membranes, 78-82% of the original PGM content could be recovered from model side-streams. The selectivity of the extraction for individual PGMs can be controlled by the extractant used.Palladium is the most studied PGM with respect to extraction from wastewater using the LM technology. Extractants that have been used in this regard include di-2-ethylhexyl-thiophosphoric acid [8], 8quinolone derivatives [9] and Cyanex 471 [10]. Various arrangements of the LM have been used, e.g. the ELM with LIX 984N-C as the extractant [11]. The SLMs have been used to extract various PGMs from wastewater using the following extractants: Aliquat 336 for Pt (IV) [12], Pd (II) [13] and Rh (III) [14]; and MSP-8 for Pd(II) [15]. Quantitative extraction is generally achieved within 2 to 24 hours [16].Stripping phases generally contain HCl or HNO 3 and sometimes this is supplemented by thiourea [17]. The current mini-review focuses on the use of LMs in the PGM extraction from various types of wastewaters. The article will cover the metal removal from the mining and metal-refinery side-streams, wastewaters from battery production and other potential sources of environmental pollution; and metal recovery to address the scarcity of the PGMs in the industrial cycles.

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Synthesis of dendritic polyether surfactants for demulsification

Cited by 72 publications

References 16 publications

Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry

Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry

Recyclable magnetic graphene oxide for rapid and efficient demulsification of crude oil-in-water emulsion

Mini-Review on the Use of Liquid Membranes in the Extraction of Platinum Group Metals from Mining and Metal Refinery Wastewaters/Side-Streams

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