Synthesis of crystalline carbon nitride thin films by laser processing at a liquid–solid interface

Abstract

Pulsed laser induced reactive quenching at a liquid–solid interface was used for the synthesis of tetrahedrally coordinated crystalline carbon nitride on a tungsten substrate. The crystalline phase was identified by transmission electron diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the carbon atoms are coordinated only tetrahedrally with nitrogen—as expected for C3N4. The atomic percentage of N (considering only those atoms coordinated with C) is about 35%.

Characterization of well-crystallized graphitic carbon nitride nanocrystallites via a benzene-thermal route at low temperatures

“…During the past few years, five different structures have been predicted: one is twodimensional (graphitic-C 3 N 4 ) and four are threedimensional (a-C 3 N 4 , b-C 3 N 4 , cubic-C 3 N 4 , and pseudocubic-C 3 N 4 ), at the same time, many attempts, including physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), high temperatures processes, and high pressures processes, have been made to the preparation of carbon nitride [2][3][4][5][6]. But due to the great thermodynamic stability of separate nitrogen molecules, only thin films or amorphous particles with low nitrogen content were obtained in most cases.…”

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies on the bonding properties of oxygenated amorphous carbon nitride thin films synthesized by pulsed laser deposition at different substrate temperatures

“…The most important aspects of the characterization of CN films are to determine the bonding state, that is whether the bonding is single, double, or triple, and to evaluate the N:C ratio in each phase present [18]. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis has been used for both purposes by a number of workers [12,19].…”

1H-1,2,3-triazole, a promising precursor for chemical vapor deposition of hydrogenated carbon nitride

“…four are three-dimensional (a-C 3 N 4 , b-C 3 N 4 , cubic-C 3 N 4 , and pseudocubic-C 3 N 4 ), at the same time, many attempts, including physical vapor deposition (PVD), CVD, high temperatures processes and high pressures processes, have been made to the preparation of carbon nitride [3][4][5][6][7][8]. But due to the great thermodynamic stability of separate carbon and nitrogen molecules, the experimental synthesis of crystalline carbon nitride with C 3 N 4 stoichiometry remains a challenge to date.…”

“…Guo's group [15,16] reported the preparation of crystallized g-C 3 N 4 via a benzene-thermal route and graphite-like or onion-like lamellar structures of C 3 N 4 via a solvent-free route at low temperatures, respectively. Bai's group [19] synthesized crystallized g-C 3 N 4 by the reaction of CCl 4 and NH 4 Cl at 400 1C without providing X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) or EDAX. Recently, metal containing g-C 3 N 4 compounds have been synthesized and tested for their advanced applications [22].…”