Synthesis of Citric Acrylate Oligomer and Its In‐Situ Reaction with Chrome Tanned Collagen (Hide Powder)

Self Cite

This work aims to prepare and characterize a new generation composite films with gelatins extracted from bovine and bird bones (G b and G c , respectively) in addition to collagen, hide powder, (HP) which are blended with copolymerized polyethylene (MPE) and low density polyethylene, using polymer melt technique, which may be suitable for application as a base material for dental and orthopedic implants with better biological response. The bone-bonding ability of the composite films was evaluated by examining the ability of apatite to form on their surface in a simulated body fluid (SBF) with ion concentrations nearly equal to those of human blood plasma. The examination of apatite formation on the composites after immersion in SBF for 7 days was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray. The results showed the formation of thick apatite layer on the surface of the biocomposite films in special way on these containing G b /MPE and collagen/MPE. Promising results have been achieved indicating that these novel biocomposites have unique bioactivity properties, which can be applied in bone implants and tissue engineering applications as scaffolds in future.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, characterization, and in vitro application of composite films based on gelatin and collagen from natural resources

Haroun

Beherei

El‐Ghaffar

2010

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“…These multifunctional polymers are designed to minimize the chemicals offered in the post-tanning process. 4,5 The amphoteric polymers usually consist of anionic, cationic, and long-chain hydrophobic groups that have tunable molecular charges and are compatible with all the tanning processes. They can be synthesized by choosing monomers of specific reactive groups and forming block copolymers of variable molecular weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amphoteric polymers with retanning and fatliquoring functions have provoked great interest recently. These multifunctional polymers are designed to minimize the chemicals offered in the post‐tanning process 4,5 . The amphoteric polymers usually consist of anionic, cationic, and long‐chain hydrophobic groups that have tunable molecular charges and are compatible with all the tanning processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional amphoteric heteropolymer for chromium free sustainable leather process

Inbasekar,

Fathima

2024

The post‐tanning process of leather making involves the of large quantities of auxiliary chemicals to enhance the functionalities of the leather. Hence, developing multifunctional polymers are essential to reduce the pollution load and enhance sustainability. Herein, we report the synthesis of multifunctional retanning and fatliquoring agent using a hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) monomer by modifying the hydroxyl group to carboxyl and long‐chain hydrocarbon along with quaternary ammonium monomer. The resulting polymer has been subsequently used in the tanning and post‐tanning process. The influence of the carboxyl group increases the metal uptake of the aluminum (twofold) and zirconium (1.5‐fold) tanning agent, and hydrothermal stability of the polymer‐treated leathers is 74 and 81°C for aluminum and zirconium tanning, respectively. The experimental leather showed uniform pore size distribution and better organoleptic characteristics than the control. Introducing the quaternary ammonium group in the polymer increased dye exhaustion in the experimental process up to 97%. The anti‐bacterial studies show the polymer is effective against gram‐positive species due to electrostatic interaction. The biochemical analysis of the experiment process shows higher biodegradability (0.62). Thus, the present study opens a new avenue for a sustainable replacement for conventional post‐tanning chemicals.

“…Because of its ellipsoidal shape, highly branched structure, and nonentangled molecular character, the hyperbranched polymer presents a low viscosity and high solubility and reactivity; this allows for a broad range of uses. In addition, a hyperbranched polymer can be synthesized by a very straightforward procedure, such as melt polycondensation …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of a carboxyl‐terminated waterborne hyperbranched polymer and its coordination behavior with chromium(III)

Chen

Liu

et al. 2013

Despite its irreplaceable position in the leather industry, chrome tanning has been listed in the procession of limitation. The serious environmental pollution caused by chrome tanning through the residual chrome it leaves in wastewater has attracted great attention. To improve the absorption of chrome and reduce chromium emission, a novel hyperbranched ligand was synthesized and characterized. The impact elements of the coordination process between the hyperbranched oligomer and Cr(III) was investigated, and the characteristics of the complex are also discussed. This hyperbranched oligomer had a low molecular weight (weight-average molecular weight 5 2125) and narrow molecular weight distribution (PDI 5 1.21). The time required for the coordination process between the hyperbranched oligomer and Cr(III) was around 6 h, and the optimum pH was 4.0. Moreover, the complex exhibited alkali resistance and fair resistance to oxidation; this suggested that this developed hyperbranched ligand is a potential masking agent or tanning auxiliary for chrome tanning and will enable improvements in chromium absorption. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40117.