Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in a Bacterial Nanocellulose Matrix and the Study of Their Oxidizing and Reducing Properties

Abstract

A soft synthesis of nanoceria with non-stoichiometric composition (33% Ce3+/67% Ce4+) named CeO2 NPs in bacterial cellulose (BC) matrix in the form of aerogel and hydrogel with controlled CeO2 NPs content was proposed. The advantage of CeO2 NPs synthesis in BC is the use of systemic antacid API–trisamine as a precursor, which did not destruct cellulose at room temperature and enabled a reduction in the duration of synthesis and the number of washes. Moreover, this method resulted in the subsequent uniform distribution of CeO2 NPs in the BC matrix due to cerium (III) nitrate sorption in the BC matrix. CeO2 NPs (0.1–50.0%) in the BC matrix had a fluorite structure with a size of 3–5 nm; the specific surface area of the composites was 233.728 m2/g. CeO2 NPs in the BC-CeO2 NPs composite demonstrated SOD-like activity in the processes of oxidation and reduction of cytochrome c (cyt c3+/cyt c2+), as well as epinephrine to inhibit its auto-oxidation in aqueous solutions by 33–63% relative to the control. In vitro experiments on rat blood showed a decrease in the MDA level and an increase in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes–SOD by 24% and G6PDH by 2.0–2.5 times. Therefore, BC-CeO2 NPs can be proposed for wound healing as antioxidant material.

Design and Study of Nanoceria Modified by 5-Fluorouracil for Gel and Polymer Dermal Film Preparation

“…Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of CeO 2 NPs synthesis in the HPMC matrix. controlled nanoceria distribution in the polymer matrix was previously studied [39]. Despite numerous advantages of bacterial cellulose-nanoceria composites, they are difficult be used for preparing a gel and a film-forming system.…”

“…Nanoceria (CeO 2 NPs) immobilized on cellulose derivatives like Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles immobilized on rice straw cellulose can be an alternative carrier for 5FU. Nanocomposites of nanoceria with cellulose derivatives or their composites with polysaccharides were demonstrated to have an effect on stem cell proliferation scaffolds as well as having antioxidant, antibacterial and enzymatic mimetic activities [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Nanoceria effects are due to unique physicochemical properties of CeO 2 NPs [ 43 ].…”

“…Thus, nanoceria containing Ce 3+ ions in a cellulose matrix can act not only as a vector for delivering highly toxic drugs, including 5FU, but also can provide both synergistic and independent cytotoxicity as well as other types of activity (antioxidant, antibacterial, etc.). Bacterial cellulose–nanoceria composites showed good properties for medical use [ 34 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 ]. The synthesis of nanoceria in a bacterial cellulose matrix with uniformly controlled nanoceria distribution in the polymer matrix was previously studied [ 39 ].…”

“…Bacterial cellulose–nanoceria composites showed good properties for medical use [ 34 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 ]. The synthesis of nanoceria in a bacterial cellulose matrix with uniformly controlled nanoceria distribution in the polymer matrix was previously studied [ 39 ]. Despite numerous advantages of bacterial cellulose–nanoceria composites, they are difficult be used for preparing a gel and a film-forming system.…”