SYNTHESIS OF CELLULOSE BYACETOBACTER XYLINUMVI

Abstract

Israel) AND SHLOMO HESTRIN. Synthesis of cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum. VI. Growth on citric acid-cycle intermediates. J. Bacteriol. 85:284-292. 1963.-Acetobacter xylinum could be made to grow on ethanol, acetate, succinate, or L-malate. The growth was accompanied by formation of opaque leathery pellicles on the surface of the growth medium. These pellicles were identified as cellulose on the basis of their chemical properties, solubility behavior, and infrared absorption spectra. Washed-cell suspensions prepared from cultures grown on ethanol or the organic acids, in contrast to washed sugar-grown cells, were able to transform citric-cycle intermediates into cellulose. The variations in the substrate spectrum of cellulose synthesis between sugar-grown cells and organic acids-grown cells were found to be correlated with differences in the oxidative capacity of the cells. The significance of the findings that A. xylinum could be made to grow on ethanol on complex as well as synthetic media is discussed from the viewpoint of the whole pattern of Acetobacter classification.

Pathways for Biosynthesis of a Bacterial Capsular Polysaccharide Iv

“…In contrast to these results, however, succinate-grown cells of A. xylinum can synthesize cellulose from pyruvate (Benziman and Burger-Rachamimov, 1962). Using mutants of A. xylinum, which can grow with ethanol or acetate as the carbon source, Gromet-Elhanan and Hestrin (1963) could not demonstrate significant cellulose synthesis from these substrates by resting-cell suspensions, in spite of the fact that such cells formed cellulose pellicles during growth.…”

Identification of cellulolytic bacteria in soil by stable isotope probing

“…Bacteria were pre‐cultured on 13 C to minimize the proportion of inoculum carbon ( 12 C) in the final product. Bacterial cellulose was synthesized as opaque pellicles on the surface of the growth medium and was purified according to Gromet‐Elhanan and Hestrin (1962) and then freeze‐dried. The 13 C labelling of the bacterial cellulose was determined by IRMS as 99% atom 13 C.…”

A novel biomaterial: bacterial cellulose and its new era applications

“…MC is produced by various species of bacteria, such as Gluconacetobacter (formerly Acetobacter), Aerobacter, Agrobacterium, Azotobacter, Achromobacter, Rhizobium, Salmonella, and Sarcina . The most effective producers of cellulose are A. xylinum , A. hansenii , and A. pasteurianus .…”