Synthesis of Ce(III)-doped Fe3O4 magnetic particles for efficient removal of antimony from aqueous solution

Adsorption performance of antimony by modified iron powder

“…The non-linear pseudo-rstorder kinetic model and the linear pseudo-second-order kinetic model were adopted to t the adsorption data. 4,9 According to the results shown in Fig. 4(a), the uptake of Sb on the adsorbents increased greatly in the rst two hours, which was always attributed to the adsorption by the high affinity sites or the precipitation of adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent.…”

“…The Fe 2p 3/2 and the Fe 2p 1/2 energy peaks still were observed at the surface of the raw iron powder, mainly due to oxidization by air. 9,13 Aer the activation and modication treatment, the surface of the zero-valent iron powders, such as hematite, goethite and magnetite, was oxidized to the Fe(III) oxidation state, according to the results of the SEM, XRD and the XPS Fe 2p analyses.…”

“…Moreover, the intensity of the Sb 3d 3/2 peak for the modied iron powder adsorbed Sb(III) was stronger than the powders which adsorbed Sb(V), which was in agreement with the higher binding affinity of Sb(III) to the iron oxides on the surface of the modied iron powders than Sb(V) and was consistent with the experimental results of the adsorption isotherm. 9,13 3.6.2 FT-IR spectroscopy analyses. The FT-IR spectroscopy analyses of the raw iron powders and the modied iron powder adsorbed Sb(III) and Sb(V) are presented in Fig.…”

“…20,21 The spectroscopy peak at 664.4 cm À1 was likely to result from the Fe-O-H bands and the peaks at 465.7 cm À1 and 587.8 cm À1 could be attributed to the Fe-O-Sb bands, which demonstrated that the Sb(III) or Sb(V) in solution was adsorbed by the iron oxides on the surface of the modied iron powders. 9,13 3.6.3 Schematic process diagram analyses. The images in Fig.…”

“…Additionally, some magnetic iron oxides and metal-doped ferrites were synthesized to remove the antimony in wastewater. 9,10 Previous researchers synthesized validated iron oxy-hydroxide (FeOOH) and amorphous Fe 3 O 4 /FeOOH nanocomposite for the removal of Sb(III) and Sb(V) from drinking water with an Sb level below the regulation limit of 5 mg L À11 . In recent years, the zero-valent iron (Fe 0 ) has drawn increasing attention as an effective remediation medium for many contaminants and was considered to be promising and costeffective.…”