Synthesis of cationized nanofibrillated cellulose and its antimicrobial properties

Direct sulfation of cellulose fibers using a reactive deep eutectic solvent to produce highly charged cellulose nanofibers

“…Surface charge density, measured by PE titration, of the fibrillated sample was 1.7 meq/g, demonstrating the highly anionic surface charge. Surface charge is, however, lower compared to the that predicted by elemental analysis (2.40 meq/g), which is also reported previously in literature (Liimatainen et al 2014;Littunen et al 2016). Due to the large polymeric structure and conformational restrictions, the titrant (polyDADMAC) used on PE titration might not have efficient interaction with significantly larger CNFs fibers having random distribution of functional groups, which might also form web-like structure even in dilute solution.…”

Nanocellulose as a natural source for groundbreaking applications in materials science: Today’s state

“…In this chapter, the focus is placed on drug carriers based on nanocellulose. But even more, there are further investigations on the enabling of different bioactive functionalities and interactions including cell cultivation media and anti bacterial as well as anti-viral effects of functional nanocelluloses [405][406][407].…”

Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial evaluation of nanofibrillated cellulose grafted by a novel quinolinium silane salt

“…Recently, a few reports have been presented for the covalent graing of antimicrobial agents on the NFC surface. For example, antibacterial NFC-based materials were effectively prepared by the covalent graing of penicillin, 21 quaternary ammonium compounds, [22][23][24][25] silanes, 26,27 anhydrides, 28 isothiocyanate, 29 and xanthene dyes. 30 Among these antibacterial agents, quaternary ammonium compounds are the most widely used class of disinfectants, due to their low toxicity, lack of skin irritation, low corrositivity, good environmental stability and a wide range of antimicrobial activity.…”