Synthesis of Carbonated Cotton Seed Oil and Its Application as Lubricating Base Oil

Abstract

Epoxidized cotton seed oil (ECSO) was conveniently synthesized from cotton seed oil (CSO) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, formic acid, and phosphoric acid. Then the ECSO was converted into carbonated cotton seed oil (CCSO) by reacting with CO 2 using tetrabutylammonium bromide as a catalyst. The reaction conditions including reaction temperature, pressure, reaction time and the amount of catalyst were examined. In addition, the final product (CCSO) from cyclic addition reaction was characterized by FT-IR, 1 H NMR and TGA. Compared with CSO and ECSO, CCSO showed excellent thermal and oxidation stability. Additionally, the CCSO's properties of extreme pressure, anti-wear and friction reduction were tested and analyzed. The results indicated that it could be used as potential lubricating base oil.

Cyclic Carbonates Based on Vegetable Oils

“…On the whole, products with EG high conversion (> 90 %) are obtained during 10-23 hours at the increased pressure [7,10,13,15]. Processes, both at the atmospheric and increased International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy Vol.…”

“…Despite the wide range of catalysts, applied to obtain CC [1,2,4], catalytic systems on the basis of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) have become widely applied for CCVO synthesis [5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13]15], they are a large-capacity industrial product. The optimum of TBAB dosage is 2÷7 mol %, as relating to epoxy groups of a substrate.…”

“…From the point of view of time spent on the reaction, the performing of the process at the increased pressure seems more perspective, that is shown by a number of authors [7,10,13,15]. The first data about the influence of pressure upon EVO carbonation were submitted by Javni [7].…”

“…At the transition from carbonation process at the atmospheric pressure to the process in ScCD environment, the considerable reduction of time for the obtaining of equal EG conversion is observed. Nevertheless, the application of CD does not give time advantage in comparison with processes at the increased pressure [7,10,13,15], and its use complicates and increases the price of technology. However, in the works on the carbonation in CD environment the optimization of conditions has not been performed, that probably defines low results.…”

“…However, in the works on the carbonation in CD environment the optimization of conditions has not been performed, that probably defines low results. Thus, the synthesis was carried out at the temperature of 100 °C, while the best results were obtained at the temperature of 140 °C [7,10,13,15]. The generalized data of EVO carbonation processes in ScCD environment presented in Table 4.…”