An efficient and highly diastereoselective synthetic approach to enantiomerically pure (−)‐(1R,2R,3S,4R)‐ and (+)‐(1S,2S,3R,4S)‐4‐hydroxyethylcyclopentane‐1,2,3‐triols is reported, which involves conversion of D‐ribose or D‐arabinose to (+)‐ or (−)‐ethyl Z‐4,5‐isopropylidenedioxyhepta‐2,6‐dienoate, mercuration of the terminal double bond by mercury(II) acetate, followed by reductive radical cyclization and further standard reduction and deprotection manipulations.