Synthesis of Bulk Kesterite – A Prospective Photovoltaic Material

Podsiadło, S.; Bialoglowski, Maciej; Matyszczak, Grzegorz; Marek, Paulina H.; Gȩbicki, W.; Bacewicz, R.; Stachowicz, Marcin; Dłuźewski, P.; Woźniak, Krzysztof

doi:10.1002/ejic.201402392

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Considering the sustainability, toxicity, cost, and the abundance of elements constituing each group, CZTS seems to be the best choice for a terawatt industrial application . It is a stable compound with a formula Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 , crystalizing mostly in the kesterite structure . It has an absorption coefficient α > 10 4 cm −1 and a bandgap of approximately 1.5 eV , which enables solar energy harvesting close to the maximum of Shockley‐Queisser limit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of kesterite nanopowders with bandgap tuning ligands

Podsiadło

Bialoglowski

Fadaghi

et al. 2015

Crystal Research and Technology

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A rapid development of solar cells has been observed within recent years. Semiconducting materials based on Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 with the kesterite structure offer a promise of low-cost and environmentally friendly solar cells. The energy gap of Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 , which is about 1.5 eV, can be optimized with addition of organic ligands. We report a method of obtaining kesterite nanopowders with grain diameter of approximately 5 nm via solution synthesis using metal chlorides and sulfur in oleylamine at 230°C. The ligand exchange for diphenylamine upshifted the value of the bandgap to 2.2 eV, which makes it a promising material for an upper layer in tandem photovoltaic devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of kesterite nanopowders with bandgap tuning ligands

Podsiadło

Bialoglowski

Fadaghi

et al. 2015

Crystal Research and Technology

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“…Using O-18 or Ho-163 isotopes for growth could help identifying the k -point origin of these modes and their associated symmetry inside the Brillouin-zone. Nevertheless, higher order phonon modes in many materials have been reported to possess extremely non-Lorentzian lineshape [42][43][44] while all our spectra for any six different crystallographic directions have been fitted using well defined Lorenzian modes. In addition, anomalous modes in Fig.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Anomalous Inelastic Scattering in Spin-ice Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ through Resonant Raman Spectroscopy

Anand,

van de Burgt,

Huang

et al. 2018

Preprint

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We report on a study of the inelastic scattering properties of ( 001) and (111) Ho2Ti2O7 single crystals at room temperature. Structural and compositional analysis along with absorption measurement confirms single crystalline phase of all samples. Room temperature polarized Raman measurements were performed on crystals in non-resonant and two different resonant conditions by using six different laser excitation lines. Lorentzian model fitting analysis is performed on all measured spectra in order to identify the difference in the Raman scattering cross-section in resonant and non-resonant conditions. Variations in the fitting parameters on account of different polarization configurations and crystallographic orientations has helped identifying their symmetry if present. Several possible scattering pathways are discussed in order to qualitatively explain the anomalous scattering results in Ho2Ti2O7.

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“…The compound is made primarily in the form of polycrystalline bulk powders or as thin films, the latter often accomplished by substrate powder processing to make/mimic the kesterite PV layered devices [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Occasionally, bulk batches of kesterite can be prepared with crystallite sizes large enough to be studied by single-crystal-specific techniques [ 8 ]. One of the convenient preparation methods in the solid state is a high-energy ball milling of suitable precursors, which yields the nanocrystalline kesterite powders via mechanochemical interactions [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Oxidation Susceptibility in Ambient Air of the Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Made by Mechanochemical Synthesis Method

Lejda,

Ziąbka,

Olejniczak

et al. 2023

Materials

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The often overlooked and annoying aspects of the propensity of no-oxygen semiconductor kesterite, Cu2ZnSnS4, to oxidation during manipulation and storage in ambient air prompted the study on the prolonged exposure of kesterite nanopowders to air. Three precursor systems were used to make a large pool of the cubic and tetragonal polytypes of kesterite via a convenient mechanochemical synthesis route. The systems included the starting mixtures of (i) constituent elements (2Cu + Zn + Sn + 4S), (ii) selected metal sulfides and sulfur (Cu2S + ZnS + SnS + S), and (iii) in situ made copper alloys (from the high-energy ball milling of the metals 2Cu + Zn + Sn) and sulfur. All raw products were shown to be cubic kesterite nanopowders with defunct semiconductor properties. These nanopowders were converted to the tetragonal kesterite semiconductor by annealing at 500 °C under argon. All materials were exposed to the ambient air for 1, 3, and 6 months and were suitably analyzed after each of the stages. The characterization methods included powder XRD, FT-IR/UV-Vis/Raman/NMR spectroscopies, SEM, the determination of BET/BJH specific surface area and helium density (dHe), and direct oxygen and hydrogen-content analyses. The results confirmed the progressive, relatively fast, and pronounced oxidation of all kesterite nanopowders towards, mainly, hydrated copper(II) and zinc(II) sulfates, and tin(IV) oxide. The time-related oxidation changes were reflected in the lowering of the energy band gap Eg of the remaining tetragonal kesterite component.

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Synthesis of Bulk Kesterite – A Prospective Photovoltaic Material

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Synthesis of kesterite nanopowders with bandgap tuning ligands

Synthesis of kesterite nanopowders with bandgap tuning ligands

Probing Anomalous Inelastic Scattering in Spin-ice Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ through Resonant Raman Spectroscopy

Long-Term Oxidation Susceptibility in Ambient Air of the Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Made by Mechanochemical Synthesis Method

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