Synthesis of Branched Poly(butyl methacrylate) via Semicontinuous Emulsion Polymerization

Liu, Yuanqin; Haley, Jeffrey C.; Deng, Kangqing; Lau, Willie; Winnik, Mitchell A.

doi:10.1021/ma800215m

Cited by 23 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…15 This approach uses a mixture of a cross-linking agent to introduce branches and a chain transfer agent to suppress gel formation. We used bisphenol A dimethacrylate (BPDM) as the crosslinking agent and n-dodecyl mercaptan (C 12 -SH) as the chain transfer agent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hyperbranched Poly(butyl methacrylate) on Polymer Diffusion in Poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) Latex Films

et al. 2010

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Latex paint formulations normally contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to lower the modulus of the latex polymer and to enhance the rate of its diffusion in latex films. Here we show that hyperbranched poly(butyl methacrylate) (HB-PBMA) not only is miscible with poly(butyl acrylate-comethyl methacrylate) [P(BA-MMA)] copolymers over a range of BA/MMA compositions but also acts as a diffusion promoter. At similar volume fractions (e0.1), it is as effective at promoting P(BA-MMA) polymer diffusion as 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (Texanol, TPM), a classic coalescing aid. Unlike TPM, it does not cause a large decrease in the glass transition temperature of the polymer, and it has relatively little effect on the modulus of the polymer. Small molecule additives commonly lead to a reduction of useful mechanical properties of a polymer, such as tensile strength and toughness. Tensile tests show that P(BA-MMA) latex films containing HB-PBMA have better mechanical properties than the corresponding films containing TPM. Thus, this hyperbranched polymer represents a new kind of nonvolatile additive for latex that can promote the rate of polymer diffusion in latex films without significantly disrupting the desirable mechanical properties of the film.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hyperbranched Poly(butyl methacrylate) on Polymer Diffusion in Poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) Latex Films

et al. 2010

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“…The polymer sample solution was prepared at a concentration ≈0.05 g polymer/10 mL THF. The d n /d c value for pBMA, 0.067 mL g −1 , was used for all copolymers. A valid d n /d c value for poly(limonene) was not available from the literature and was not experimentally obtainable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymerization of n‐Butyl Methacrylate and D‐Limonene

Zhang

Dubé

2014

Macro Reaction Engineering

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The bulk free radical copolymerization of n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA) and D‐limonene is carried out at 80 °C using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator. Low conversion experiments are conducted to estimate the copolymer reactivity ratios while full conversion runs are performed to verify the estimates and to achieve high monomer conversions. Reactivity ratios of r1 = 6.0957 and r2 = 0.0459 (1 = BMA, 2 = D‐limonene) are obtained using a nonlinear, error‐in‐variables method with the RREVM computer program. Full conversions and reasonably high molecular weights are achieved at high BMA feed concentrations. Achieving high conversion is limited by a degradative chain transfer mechanism due to the D‐limonene.

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“…12 Briefly, the donor-labeled latex was copolymerized with 1 mol % of phenanthrylmethyl methacrylate ͑donor dye͒. The details of the synthesis and characterization of these particles are described elsewhere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking polymer diffusion in a wet latex film with fluorescence resonance energy transfer

Haley

Liu

Winnik

et al. 2007

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We describe an instrument to measure the polymer interdiffusion between donor-labeled and acceptor-labeled latex polymers in a partially wet latex film with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). It is possible to temporarily arrest the drying process of a wet latex film by sealing the film in an airtight chamber. In our approach, we measure donor fluorescence decays from 0.5 mm diameter spots at various positions across an arrested latex film with time-correlated single photon counting. We interpret the resulting decays with a Monte Carlo simulation of the FRET process and extract information about the extent of polymer diffusion as a function of position on the film. These results enable us to determine the extent of polymer interdiffusion as a function of distance from the wet-dry edge in the latex film. To highlight this device's ability to capture the rapid early stages of latex interdiffusion, we report results from an acrylate copolymer latex.

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Synthesis of Branched Poly(butyl methacrylate) via Semicontinuous Emulsion Polymerization

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Hyperbranched Poly(butyl methacrylate) on Polymer Diffusion in Poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) Latex Films

Effect of Hyperbranched Poly(butyl methacrylate) on Polymer Diffusion in Poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) Latex Films

Copolymerization of n‐Butyl Methacrylate and D‐Limonene

Tracking polymer diffusion in a wet latex film with fluorescence resonance energy transfer

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