“…The air stable diphenyl or dialkyl hydroxylmethylphosphonium chloride salts were found to be particularly convenient starting materials and easily prepared via the reaction of the required secondary phosphine with 2 equiv of formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid [30]. The phosphonium chloride salts could be conveniently deprotonated in situ, using excess triethylamine, to the corresponding hydroxymethylphosphine and reacted in a phosphorus based Mannich condensation reaction [32][33][34] with ammonium chloride (Scheme 1).…”