Synthesis of Biodegradable and Electroactive Tetraaniline Grafted Poly(ester amide) Copolymers for Bone Tissue Engineering

Cui, Haitao; Liu, Yadong; Deng, Mingxiao; Pang, Xuan; Zhang, Peibiao; Wang, Xianhong; Chen, Xuesi; Wei, Yen

doi:10.1021/bm300897j

Cited by 106 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The samples for cell culture were prepared as described in the literature [20, 34]. The copolymers doped with camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) were dissolved in chloroform to form 1 wt % solutions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ductile electroactive biodegradable hyperbranched polylactide copolymers enhancing myoblast differentiation

et al. 2015

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Myotube formation is crucial to restoring muscular functions, and biomaterials that enhance the myoblast differentiation into myotubes are highly desirable for muscular repair. Here, we report the synthesis of electroactive, ductile, and degradable copolymers and their application in enhancing the differentiation of myoblasts to myotubes. A hyperbranched ductile polylactide (HPLA) was synthesized and then copolymerized with aniline tetramer (AT) to produce a series of electroactive, ductile and degradable copolymers (HPLAAT). The HPLA and HPLAAT showed excellent ductility with strain to failure from 158.9% to 42.7% and modulus from 265.2 to 758.2 MPa. The high electroactivity of the HPLAAT was confirmed by UV spectrometer and cyclic voltammogram measurements. These HPLAAT polymers also showed improved thermal stability and controlled biodegradation rate compared to HPLA. Importantly, when applying these polymers for myotube formation, the HPLAAT significantly improved the proliferation of C2C12 myoblasts in vitro compared to HPLA. Furthermore, these polymers greatly promoted myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells as measured by quantitative analysis of myotube number, length, diameter, maturation index, and gene expression of MyoD and TNNT. Together, our study shows that these electroactive, ductile and degradable HPLAAT copolymers represent significantly improved biomaterials for muscle tissue engineering compared to HPLA.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ductile electroactive biodegradable hyperbranched polylactide copolymers enhancing myoblast differentiation

et al. 2015

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“…Combining appropriate materials with physical stimulation such as electrical impulses can produce superior responses [170].…”

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Graft Substitutes for Bone Defect Regeneration. A Collective Review

Kheirallah¹,

Almeshaly²

2016

IJDOS

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Objective: The purpose of this review article is to illustrate the current state of development of bone graft substitutes that could be used for bone defect regeneration, as well as to analyze their efficacy for clinical use. Methods: An electronic search of the PubMed, was performed for articles written in English. The focused question was "ideal graft substitute material to choose in clinical practice"?. The searches were limited to articles including: bone graft, bone defect scaffold, bone substitutes, and bone regeneration. An attempt was made to identify clinical studies. During the data collection, the data were extracted from the studies including scaffold material, properties and advantages of bone substitutes, as well as clinical results if the study has been provided clinically. Results: In spite of several acceptable scaffold options available for bone regeneration, these options still need to bridge the gap between research and clinical practice. There is little information available about the cellular basis for bone regeneration in humans. Several problems limit the broad usage of such options, including lack of randomized controlled human studies, and dubious long term results. Conclusion:The studies should be nurtured and monitored by a combination of clinical experience. Future trends may focus on the effective combinations of osteoinductive materials, osteoinductive growth factors and cell-based tissue regeneration tactics using composite carriers. There is no single ideal graft material to choose in clinical practice, therefore researches are ongoing in all relevant fields, to establish modern bone regeneration protocols that may lead to the innovation of ideal graft substitutes.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Suture materials are frequently coated to enhance their handling properties so as to reduce tissue drag when passing through tissue and ease with the downward sliding of knots during tying. Although nonabsorbable beeswax, paraffin, silicone, and polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon TM ) were traditionally used as coating materials, new biodegradable coatings have been developed that degrade along with the absorbable sutures they coat, 1 [8][9][10] and as an efficient drug and gene delivery system. [11][12][13][14][15][16] AA-PEA are synthesized from three naturally occurring and nontoxic building blocks: amino acids, diacids and dialcohol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of suture associated inflammation after 28 days using novel biocompatible pseudoprotein poly(ester amide) biomaterials

et al. 2014

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Sutures elicit an inflammatory response, which may impede the healing process and result in wound complications. We recently reported a novel family of biocompatible, biodegradable polymers, amino acid-based poly(ester amide)s (AA-PEA), which we have shown to significantly attenuate the foreign body inflammatory response in vitro. Two types of AA-PEA (Phe-PEA and Arg-Phe-PEA) were used to coat silk or plain-gut sutures, which were implanted in the gluteus muscle of C57BL/6 mice, while the uncoated control sutures were implanted in the contralateral side. After 3, 7, 14, and 28 days the mean area of inflammation surrounding the sutures was compared. Phe-PEA coating of silk sutures significantly decreased inflammation compared with noncoated controls (67.8 ± 17.4% after 3d [p = 0.0014], 51.6 ± 7.2% after 7d [p < 0.001], and 37.3 ± 8.3% after 28d [p = 0.0001]) when assessed via analysis of photomicrographs using digital image software. Phe-PEA coated plain-gut sutures were similarly assessed and demonstrated a significant decrease in the mean area of inflammation across all time points (54.1 ± 8.3% after 3 d, 41.4 ± 3.9% after 7 d, 71.5 ± 8.1% after 14 d, 78.4 ± 8.5%, and after 28 d [all p < 0.0001]). Arg-Phe-PEA coated silk demonstrated significantly less inflammation compared to noncoated controls (61.3 ± 9.4% after 3 d, 44.7 ± 4.7% after 7 d, 19.6 ± 8%, and 38.3 ± 6.8% after 28 d [all p < 0.0001]), as did coated plain-gut (37.4 ± 8.3% after 3 d [p = 0.0004], 55.0 ± 7.8% after 7 d [p < 0.0001], 46.0 ± 4.6% after 14 d [p < 0.0001], and 59.0 ± 7.9% after 28 d [p < 0.0001]). Both Phe-PEA and Arg-Phe-PEA coatings significantly decrease the inflammatory response to sutures in vivo for up to 28 days.

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Synthesis of Biodegradable and Electroactive Tetraaniline Grafted Poly(ester amide) Copolymers for Bone Tissue Engineering

Cited by 106 publications

References 28 publications

Ductile electroactive biodegradable hyperbranched polylactide copolymers enhancing myoblast differentiation

Ductile electroactive biodegradable hyperbranched polylactide copolymers enhancing myoblast differentiation

Bone Graft Substitutes for Bone Defect Regeneration. A Collective Review

Reduction of suture associated inflammation after 28 days using novel biocompatible pseudoprotein poly(ester amide) biomaterials

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