Synthesis of an optimal wastewater reuse network

Yang, Y.H.; Lou, Helen H.; Huang, Yinlun

doi:10.1016/s0956-053x(99)00298-6

Cited by 67 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…That is, if the waste water discharged from a unit in a manufacturing process can meet the requirements of another unit for water quality, it should be provided for the later. It is noted that conventional water-saving measures usually consider just a single water unit or partial water network, while the water pinch technology takes the whole water network into account, distribute water quantity of the whole water network in rational, to enable the reuse of water in the system reaches the maximum, at the same time to minimize the amount of effluent discharge [2]. The mass transfer process between materials flow and water flow in water pinch technology can be illustrated, as shown Fig.…”

Section: Principle Of Water Pinch Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Design of Water System in Coal Chemical Industry Based on Water Pinch Analysis

Xiao¹,

Feng²

2017

Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Manufacturing Engineering and Intelligent Materials (ICMEIM 2017)

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Abstract:In order to cut down fresh water consumption and reduce wastewater emission in industrial production, water pinch technology principle was introduced to optimize the design of water supply network of the coal chemical industry. The results show that under the premise of ensuring adequate water consumption of each unit, the influent COD concentration of each unit do not exceed the maximum water quality limits, and the drainage of each unit had achieved maximum COD load to achieve maximum utilization of water resources. And compared to the fresh water consumption of 960×104t/a before optimization, the water consumption was749.94×104t/a with an annual saving rate of 21.88%, so the water saving effect was significant.

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Section: Principle Of Water Pinch Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Design of Water System in Coal Chemical Industry Based on Water Pinch Analysis

Xiao¹,

Feng²

2017

Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Manufacturing Engineering and Intelligent Materials (ICMEIM 2017)

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“…Yang et al [3] and Savelski and Bagajewicz [12,13] give an example of formulations based on the mass transfer model. A comprehensive review can be found in Bagajewicz [14].…”

Section: Conventional Water Pinch Linear Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2)) and mixing (Eqs. (3) and (4)), respectively. The model is analogous to the graphical procedure developed by Dhole et al [9].…”

Section: Conventional Water Pinch Linear Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address this, Process Integration, specifically Water Pinch, was developed and it has led to cost-effective wastewater reduction and water conservation process designs with methodologies ranging from graphical targeting methods [1,2] to mathematical design procedures [3,4]. Hallale and Fraser [5] and Jodicke [6] undertook a novel endeavor when they used the mathematical programming method but optimized capital cost instead of fresh water demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental performance optimization using process water integration and Sustainable Process Index

Ku-Pineda

Tan

2006

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…In 1997, Liu [19] increased the water reuse percentage from 18.6% to 37% in some petrochemical complex of Taiwan. In addition, the water integration technology has also been applied to the pulp and paper plant [41,49,50] , sugar plant [51] , pesticide [52] , textile [53] 、electroplate [49,54] 、clean agent [55] 、fuel [56] , catalyst [57] and steel industry [58] . We will use the well developed water pinch technology to the chlor-alkali industry.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Minimization in a Chlor-Alkali Complex

Liao¹,

Wang²,

Yang³

2011

Waste Water - Treatment and Reutilization

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IntroductionWater network integration is one of the most efficient technologies for wastewater reduction [1] . During the past two decades, both the water pinch technology and the mathematical programming method have been frequently discussed and widely applied in the industry. The water pinch technology divides the water network integration into two steps: targeting and design. This technology was initiated by Wang and Smith [2] in 1994. They treat the water using operation as a mass transfer unit and use concentration vs mass load coordinate to obtain the minimum freshwater consumption of the whole system. Based on this coordinate system, the targets of wastewater reuse and regeneration reuse are established. The methods of Wang and Smith [2,3] have been well supplemented by many authors in recent years. The first supplement is on the model of the water using operation. It is obvious that not all the water using operations are the mass transfer type. Typical water using units like cooling tower, boiler and reactor are not this kind. Actually, these units are flow rate fixed operations. To treat operations in this category, targeting methods in different coordinates were developed. Dhole et al. [5] obtained the composite curve in concentration vs flow rate coordinate, which has been supplemented by several works [6][7][8][9] . Hallale [6] introduced a water surplus diagram and obtained the real target. El-Halwagi et al. [8] and Prakash and Shenoy [9] developed a mass load vs flow rate composite by analogy to the heat integration system. In addition, Agrawal and Shenoy [10] achieved the freshwater target in the concentration vs mass load coordinate; Bandyopadhyay et al. [11,12] calculated the wastewater target in the same coordinate. Recently, Pillai and Bandyopadhyay [13] established a simple and more effective algebraic method for wastewater targeting. The above mentioned four methods are the most efficient methods for fixed flow rate operations, and they can be extended to cases of multiple water sources [14][15][16] . The targeting concept is also applicable to process changes [11,17] and threshold problems [18] . The second supplement is on the regeneration target. The regeneration has two cases: regeneration reuse and regeneration recycle. For regeneration reuse, Wang and Smith [2] proposed that the regeneration concentration should be at the pinch concentration. Latter, Mann and Liu [19] pointed that the optimum regeneration concentration can be above the pinch. Feng et al. [20] introduced a targeting method for regeneration recycle, which has been extended to the regeneration reuse system [21] and the zero discharge system [22] . On the other hand, the regeneration problem for fixed flow rate problems are more complicated than the fixed mass load problems, because the regeneration flow rate is constrained by www.intechopen.com Waste Water -Treatment and Reutilization 406 water sources. Agrawal and Shenoy [10] adopted the method of Wang and Smith [2] to treat this problem. Bandyopadhyay et al. [23] consid...

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Synthesis of an optimal wastewater reuse network

Cited by 67 publications

References 10 publications

Optimization Design of Water System in Coal Chemical Industry Based on Water Pinch Analysis

Optimization Design of Water System in Coal Chemical Industry Based on Water Pinch Analysis

Environmental performance optimization using process water integration and Sustainable Process Index

Wastewater Minimization in a Chlor-Alkali Complex

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