“…The excessive use of fossil fuels has resulted in an increasing depletion of energy resources and significant damage to the environment ( Cheng et al, 2020 ; Huang et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). Hence, the development of new energy sources for environmental protection is a critical issue ( Wang T. et al, 2020 ; Chuanchang et al, 2020 ; Fang et al, 2020 ; He et al, 2020 ; Yang et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Nie et al, 2021 ).…”