Synthesis of an Efficient S/N-Based Flame Retardant and Its Application in Polycarbonate

Abstract

Considering the poor compatibility and water-resistance of sulfonate flame retardants for polycarbonate (PC), an efficient S/N-based flame retardant named 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(phenyl-4-sulfonyl-melamine)adamantane (ASN) has been developed. Fire properties studies of PC/ASN blends indicate that the addition of 0.10 wt % ASN imparts a V-0 rating and a limited oxygen index (LOI) value of 30.1% to PC specimens, and ASN can suppress the heat and toxic gas release of PC composites. Additionally, PC/ASN blends are believed to be exceptional materials for outdoor PC applications due to their superior water-resistance properties. Moreover, mechanical properties were further systematically investigated, and the correlative results indicate that the tensile strength and rigidity of specimens are improved with the addition of ASN.

Recent Advancements in Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Foams: A Review

“…In this sense, a common approach lies in combining the melamine with other phosphorus FRs to promote synergy. − Melamine produces nitrogen-containing diluent gases on combustion, decreases smoke density, and compacts char layer through the generation of high-temperature self-condensation products such as melam (∼350 °C), melem (∼450 °C), and melon (∼600 °C). However, nitrogen FRs possess limitations such as ineffectiveness at low nitrogen content, poor compatibility, and deterioration in mechanical properties of PU foams . Furthermore, the large water content in urea-formaldehyde resins limits their widespread utilization in rigid PU foams.…”

“…However, nitrogen FRs possess limitations such as ineffectiveness at low nitrogen content, poor compatibility, and deterioration in mechanical properties of PU foams. 195 Furthermore, the large water content in urea-formaldehyde resins limits their widespread utilization in rigid PU foams. For better efficiency, reduction in water content and increment in nitrogen content in the ureaformaldehyde resins are necessary.…”

A phosphorous/nitrogen/silicon containing diphenylphosphoramide silicon oil toward effective flame retardancy for polycarbonate with comparable mechanical properties

“…Bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC), as one of the most commonly used engineering plastic, possesses excellent mechanical strength, optical transparency, and thermal stability. Therefore, it has been widely used in various fields including the automotive industry, medical equipment, glass assembly, construction, electrical, and electronics, and so on 1–4 . Its naturally high carbonization ability endows the PC with a V‐2 rating in the UL 94 test and a limited oxygen index (LOI) value of 25%.…”

Flame‐retardant behavior and protective layer effect of phosphazene‐triazine bi‐group flame retardant on polycarbonate

“…Many triazine derivatives [37][38] have been synthesized and applied in polymers. For example, Wen [39] synthesized a kind of triazene compound named 1,3,5,7-tetrakis (phenyl-4-sulfonyl-melamine) adamantane (ASN) and applied it in flame retardant PC, ASN can inhibit the heat and toxic gas release of PC composites. Only 0.1% ASN could impart a UL94 V-0 rating and a LOI of 30.1% to PC composites.…”