Synthesis of a vinyl chloride monomer via acetylene hydrochlorination with a ruthenium-based N-heterocyclic carbene complex catalyst

Abstract

Delocalisation and transfer of electrons in the formed IPr–(Ru) synergistically yields a significant improvement in activity with respect to its counterpart.

Ru supported on activated carbon and coated with a polydopamine layer for effective acetylene hydrochlorination

“…30 Ru on nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (Ru-N-OMC) was prepared in situ to disperse Ru particles into the carbon matrix, and nitrogen species and Ru particles functioned as active sites to catalyse acetylene hydrochlorination. 31 In addition, Ru-based catalysts could also be modified or coordinated with ILs, 3,32 choline chloride, 23 N , N ′-dimethylpropylurea, 33 N-heterocyclic carbene 34 or azole ligands 35 to form local structural domains. The local domain forces can influence the dispersion of metal clusters, promote electron transfer from heteroatoms to Ru n + species, and improve the relative amount of active species and the adsorption and activation capacity of HCl.…”

The reaction mechanism of acetylene hydrochlorination on defective carbon supported ruthenium catalysts identified by DFT calculations and experimental approaches

“…The organic ligands are easy to decompose at high temperature (>150 °C), which is not conducive to the stability of the catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination. 15 Therefore, a coordination structure with good thermal stability of the catalyst is very important for acetylene hydrochlorination. Matthias Beller's group proposed the concept of "solid coordination", in which the defects or heteroatom centers on the surface of carbon act as coordination centers for carbon supported metal catalysts with the M-N-C (M = Co, Fe) structure.…”

Construction of highly dispersed Au active sites by ice photochemical polishing for efficient acetylene hydrochlorination

“…1,2 For example, a steady rise in global PVC production, the import and export of colossal amounts of PVC, and the rising demand for it in various countries are observed. 3 The energy distribution characteristics of coal-rich China dictate that calcium carbide acetylene is the current industrial route for VCM production, but the long-term and large-scale use of HgCl 2 /AC catalysts in this production method has caused serious damage to the ecosystem. 4 According to the Minamata Convention, production processes that use mercury or mercury compounds must be completely phased out by 2025.…”