Synthesis of a Novel, Biodegradable Electrically Conducting Polymer for Biomedical Applications

Rivers, Tyrell Jermaine; Hudson, Terry W.; Schmidt, Christine E.

doi:10.1002/1616-3028(20020101)12:1<33::aid-adfm33>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 395 publications

(288 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…To address the drawbacks of existing conductive polymers, attempts to blend them with suitable biodegradable polymers have been carried out. Rivers et al (2002) synthesized biodegradable conductive polymer from conducting oligomers of pyrrole and thiophene that were connected together via degradable ester linkages. Ester linkages can be cleaved by enzymes in vivo and the resultant polymer had the unique properties of being both electrically conducting and biodegradable (Rivers et al, 2002).…”

Section: Conducting Polymerssupporting

confidence: 43%

“…Rivers et al (2002) synthesized biodegradable conductive polymer from conducting oligomers of pyrrole and thiophene that were connected together via degradable ester linkages. Ester linkages can be cleaved by enzymes in vivo and the resultant polymer had the unique properties of being both electrically conducting and biodegradable (Rivers et al, 2002). Studies by Shi et al (2004) also introduced the biodegradation property to conductive polymers by blending them with suitable degradable polymers.…”

Section: Conducting Polymerssupporting

confidence: 42%

“…The inherent nature of neurons is to transmit electrochemical signals throughout the nervous system and, as a result, they are highly influenced by electrical stimuli (Yu et al, 2008b). Previous studies have shown that electrical stimulation is an effective cue in stimulating either the proliferation or differentiation of various cell types McCaig and Zhao, 1997;Sun et al, 2006;Ciombor and Aaron, 1993;Aaron and Ciombor, 1993;Goldman and Pollack, 1996;Dust and Bawornluck, 2006;Shi et al, 2008;Zhao et al,1996Zhao et al, , 1999Yaoita et al,1990;Guimarda et al, 2007;Rivers et al, 2002;Jeong et al, 2008;Whitehead et al, 2007;Ateh et al, 2006;Schmidt et al, 2003;Valentini et al, 1992). In this review we discuss the electrical properties of nerve cells, the most commonly utilized conductive polymers, namely polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline (PANI), the principle of electrical stimulation and the application of electrical stimulation through conductive scaffolds to nerve cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 46%

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Application of conductive polymers, scaffolds and electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering

Ghasemi‐Mobarakeh¹,

Prabhakaran²,

Morshed³

et al. 2011

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

603

389

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Among the numerous attempts to integrate tissue engineering concepts into strategies to repair nearly all parts of the body, neuronal repair stands out. This is partially due to the complexity of the nervous anatomical system, its functioning and the inefficiency of conventional repair approaches, which are based on single components of either biomaterials or cells alone. Electrical stimulation has been shown to enhance the nerve regeneration process and this consequently makes the use of electrically conductive polymers very attractive for the construction of scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering. In this review, by taking into consideration the electrical properties of nerve cells and the effect of electrical stimulation on nerve cells, we discuss the most commonly utilized conductive polymers, polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline (PANI), along with their design and modifications, thus making them suitable scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering. Other electrospun, composite, conductive scaffolds, such as PANI/gelatin and PPy/poly(ε-caprolactone), with or without electrical stimulation, are also discussed. Different procedures of electrical stimulation which have been used in tissue engineering, with examples on their specific applications in tissue engineering, are also discussed.

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Section: Conducting Polymerssupporting

confidence: 43%

Section: Conducting Polymerssupporting

confidence: 42%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 46%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Application of conductive polymers, scaffolds and electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering

Ghasemi‐Mobarakeh¹,

Prabhakaran²,

Morshed³

et al. 2011

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

603

389

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is mainly used in sensitive materials, precursors for making pharmaceuticals, additives of photoluminescent materials, pigments and herbicides, etc. (Rivers et al, 2002;Perepichka et al, 2005;. In addition, it is also adopted as a raw material and intermediate in the chemical industry (Zhang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Experimental and theoretical research on catalytic synthesis of thiophene from furan and H2S

Yuan

Shi

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-The yield of thiophene from furan and H 2 S was investigated using selected catalyst carriers (alumina, active carbon and silica gel) and active ingredients (silicotungstic, phosphomolybdic and phosphotungstic acids) to obtain the optimized synthesis parameters. The experimental results indicated that the yield of thiophene reached a maximum when the supported catalyst was alumina and the active ingredient was phosphotungstic acid. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism of the optimized reactive system was studied by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The calculated energy profile indicated that there were four transition states in the reaction process.

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“…1 2 polymers for in vivo applications is their inherent inability to degrade, which may induce chronic inflammation and require surgical removal [59]. To address the drawbacks of existing conductive polymers, attempts to blend them with suitable biodegradable polymers have been carried out [59,60,61].…”

Section: Electrically On-demand Delivery Systems Based On Ocpsmentioning

confidence: 45%

Controlled delivery for neuro-bionic devices

Yue

Moulton

Cook

et al. 2013

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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Implantable electrodes interface with the human body for a range of therapeutic as well as diagnostic applications. Here we provide an overview of controlled delivery strategies used in neuro-bionics. Controlled delivery of bioactive molecules has been used to minimise reactive cellular and tissue responses and/or promote nerve preservation and neurite outgrowth toward the implanted electrode. These effects are integral to establishing a chronically stable and effective electrode-neural communication. Drug-eluting bioactive coatings, organic conductive polymers, or integrated microfabricated drug delivery channels are strategies commonly used.

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Synthesis of a Novel, Biodegradable Electrically Conducting Polymer for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 395 publications

References 8 publications

Application of conductive polymers, scaffolds and electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering

Application of conductive polymers, scaffolds and electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering

Experimental and theoretical research on catalytic synthesis of thiophene from furan and H2S

Controlled delivery for neuro-bionic devices

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